Jesus and Victory Essay Example for Free

Jesus and Victory Essay Chapter eleven, pages 510 through 539, in the book Jesus and the Victory of God by N. T. Wright, details Jesus as a messiah, and the meaning of this messiahship. The chapter had several sections, each titled according to the question N. T. Wright was trying to answer at that particular moment. Pages 510 through 539 detailed the Temple being destroyed and Jesus being vindicated, Jesus being put on trial for claiming to be a messiah, â€Å"Caesarea Philippi†, messianic praxis, messianic sayings, and the roots of Jesus ministry. In the first section, it was established that Jesus was a prophet. It was explained that he described warnings against the Temple, and against Jerusalem. Jesus knew that he was the messiah, Mark 13 explained this. Jesus warned of the destruction of the Temple, and was vindicated as both a prophet and a messiah when this did indeed happen. Jesus also warned against false messiahs using apocalyptic language. Because of the claims Jesus made, he was put on trial. The second section of the chapter questions the accuracy of the â€Å"trial narrative† in Mark. The main questions Wrights asks are whether or not the Jewish authorities were legally able to carry out the death penalty and who was responsible for Jesus death. It was found that the Romans had prohibited the Jewish leaders from carrying out the death penalty. This is why the Romans executed Jesus. The official charge against Jesus was that he claimed to be a messiah. In essence, Jesus was thought to be blasphemous. The Romans saw this as a threat to Caesars order, but the Romans would have never found out about it had the Jewish authorities not turned him in. Jesus confessed to the allegations, and was put to death. The next section makes clear that Jesus acted and spoke as a messiah even before he made his final trip to Jerusalem. It was said that Jesus thought himself to be the messiah when he was still in Galilee. He accepted the title of messiah, and tried his best to carry out the mission that went along with that title. Jesus account of the kingdom of god indicates that he believed the kingdom to be where ever he was. Jesus believed that the kingdom was only in operation through him. He was fully aware that he was following a messianic program, even in his sayings. Jesus, for example, likens himself to a shepard; a shepard that goes looking for lost sheep. He was saying that he was the shepard, guiding his flock, the people, to a better life through god. Jesus uses this analogy several times to describe his ministry. The chapter goes on to explain that one can trace the roots of Jesus ministry. It was explained that Jesus was called by god to be a messiah for the people of Israel. For example, Psalm 2.7 and Isaiah 42. 1 indicate that there was a voice at Jesus baptism. This voice was thought to be the call for Jesus to be a messiah. There is no historical proof that Jesus received his call then, but it is possible. God worked through Jesus ministry. The kingdom was present because Jesus was there. Jesus was the reason for the kingdom of god on Earth. One was welcomed into the kingdom by following Jesus. Jesus believed that he was the messiah, that he embodied Israel itself because of the people who followed his ministry. The conclusion of chapter eleven sums up what the chapter was about. It revisited Jesus belief and claim that he was the messiah. Jesus had a â€Å"kingdom-agenda†, and he gained followers for his ministry with this agenda. After he was executed, Jesus followers needed no other confirmation that he was indeed the messiah when Jesus was resurrected. Jesus believed that he was the messiah, and he was prepared to die because of this belief. Wright, N. T. (1996). Jesus and Israel: The Meaning of Messiahship. Jesus and the Victory of God. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press. 510-539.

Managing Financial Resources Decision Making Finance Essay

Managing Financial Resources Decision Making Finance Essay Preface I have written this assignment mainly to complete course requirement of HND 1st semester. My assignment is related to the subject named as Managing Financial Resources and Decision Making. I collected most information for this assignment from internet, my course book and mostly from the notes that I had collected from class lectures. Though I suffered bit difficulties in completing this assignment but it was pretty interesting and full of experience. I hope my work will be esteemed. Scenario: Mr. Javed wants to invest 5 million in a business project in Pakistan. Some of his friends are willing to invest their capital with Mr. Javed but Mr. Javed does not want to have partnership with someone. My advice: There are three types of businesses available for Mr. Javed which includes sole proprietorship, partnership and corporation. Sole proprietorship: (one owner) It is a form of business which is run and managed by single person. Explanation: It does not mean that sole proprietorship type of business will not have workers or assistants; it may have workers or assistants. In partnership profit or loss belongs to the owner. In such type of business the owner of the business is taxed not the business. Advantages: Such type of business is less expensive. Usually this type of business does not require a lot of legal formalities. Disadvantages: liabilities are unlimited that is personal assets can be claimed. Owner cannot leave business for long time that you cannot go for holidays etc because the business is totally dependent to the owner. Life of the business depends upon the life of the owner. Partnership: (two or more owners) As its name indicates it is such type of business in which two or more owners are involved. Explanation: partnership is basically an agreement, this can be written or verbal there is not rule from the government that agreement of partnership should be written but mostly owners prefer written agreement. In partnership business profit and loss and distributed among partners according to the agreement. In such type of business the owners of the business are taxed not the business. Advantages: It does not require a lot of legal formalities. Life of the business can be certain that it depends upon the agreement and partners. Less amount of capital is required to run such business. Disadvantage: Decision making is difficult in such type of business. Too many conflicts may rise in such type of business. Liabilities are unlimited which means that personal assets can be claimed. Corporation: (company) It is such type of business in two or more than two owners are involved, it is an artificial person, companys ownership is different from management. Explanation: In such type of business owner is called as shareholder and shareholder provide capital for running this business. The business is run by managers which are selected by Board of Directors and Managers. Profit and loss is distributed among shareholders, which is called as dividend. In corporation type of business, business is taxed not the owners. Advantages: Owner is can be easily transfer by selling shares. Life of the business does not depend upon the life of the owner. Liabilities are limited, personal assets cannot be claimed. Disadvantages: So many legal formalities are required to run this business. Formation of this business is very difficult. Large amount of capital is required to run this business. Due to retain earning shareholders confidence may loss because shareholders want more dividends. Business which I have selected for Mr. Javed: Keeping in mind that Mr. Javed does not want to have partnership business. So I prefer Mr. Javed to start a business of sole proprietor because as I mentioned above it is easy to start, no legal formalities are required and less amount of capital is required. So I have come up with an idea of opening an educational institute, which should provide HND (Business) and HND (Computing) in Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa Pakistan, because number competitors are less and demand is getting higher day by day. HNDs studying formation is different and interesting as compared to the education system of Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa. Mr. Javed will need more amount of 3 million for this project. There are some factors which will ensure success of this project which are discussed below. Factors which are important for the profitability: There are different factors which clearly show that this project is worth to start and is profitable. Some factors are given below. Advertisement: Advertisement plays great role in the success of any project before starting this projects people should be informed about this institute by advertising through T.V and billboards and through flyers etc. Special events of institute like parties and funfair etc should also be advertised by various methods. Choosing location: Choosing an appropriate location is the key to the success of this project. The building should be good. Location for this project should not be in such place where reaching for student is hard. Class rooms of institute: Classes should be well equipped with modern technologies that is should have good quality multi-media, well furniture for the students etc which will satisfy and increase interest of students. Staff: The main thing in this project is the selecting of the staff. Mr. Javed should hire well qualified teachers. Because it teacher who run an intuition. Staff on institute should visit each class regularly, because absentees will disappoint students. Reasonable fees: This institute should have reasonable fee. At the beginning institute must have as low fee as possible in order to compete competitors. Fee prices shouldnt be so high that people avoid this institute. Institute can increase fee with the passage of time. Scholarships: Institute should issue scholarship to the bright students this will attract more students toward institute and there should be extra curriculum activities in institute. Sports and Library: Institute should be limited to studies only there should be proper arrangement for the sports activities for the student so that they dont feel institute boring and there should well standard library in the institute which should have all the related course books and other books as well. Other facilities: Institute must have canteen in institute which should sell neat and clean foods and beverages, there should be internet facility in institute so that students face no problem in new researches. Different parties should be arranged by the institute because parties and different seminars attract students. Task for P1: Sources of finance defined: Basically there are two main sources of finance internal sources of finance and external sources of finance .Sources of finance means from where to make capital (money) in order to run business. There are different sources of finance which are explained below. Internal sources of finance: Definitely before starting business the owner will have some capital (money), it is not really mean cash but it also include building, machinery etc which is called as internal source. The more you have internal source less will be the burden of loan on the owner. (GCSE business studies Finance and Accounting) External sources of finance: It involves sources which are not owned by the owner like bank, government grant, and loan from friends, leasing, factoring etc. (GCSE business studies Finance and Accounting) Sources of finance available for Mr. Javed: There are different sources of finance available for Mr. Javed which is discussed below. Loan from Banks: Banks are external sources of finance. Banks in return takes interest on loan. Bank will provide you loan on the basis of four factors. Character: Bank will analyze your previous record like how have you been in returning loan of taken before. You character is checked. Collateral: Banks ask security for loan that is if tomorrow you are not capable of returning loan the will take that particular thing which you provided for loan security. Example bank will take legal document of land, building etc. Conditions: While taking loan from bank they might impost some legal condition of borrower like if you take loan from our bank you will not take loan from another bank till our loan is returned. Commitment: The bank checks the purpose of the loan. Banks will not give you loan for running illegal businesses. Banks overdraft: Short loan for a short period of time from loan is called as bank over drafting. The banks do charge you some interest on it and bank may impose some of their policies. Borrowing from individual: It involves taking loan from your colleagues, friends or relative which is called as borrowing from individuals. Individual in return takes interest. Individuals may provide you loan on below factors. Loan will returned within sound time. They charge interest. Franchising: When a successful business gives it patent and slogan to new business. This is called as franchising. There are two parties involved in franchising which is explained below. Franchisee: Franchisee is a party who uses patent and slogan. Franchiser: Franchiser is a party which provides patent and slogan. Leasing: Leasing is another source of finance. It is basically a contract between two persons, lessor and the lessee. Lessor: Lessor is the owner of the asset. Lessee: A person who uses asset is called as lessee. Explanation: It is used in such conditions when the person needs asset for some time and the agreement is established by lessor and lessee. There are two types of leasing. Operating lease: It is that type of lease which is for short period of time. Finance lease: Leasing for long period of time is called as finance leasing. Lessee is supposed to be the owner of the asset till the leasing agreement. Grants: When government provides asset, capital etc to our business this is called as grants. Government provides us grants when our business is helpful to society like providing employment for society etc. Factoring: It is that source of finance in which third is involved. This is called as factor organization. Basically it provides money against the security of invoices (client debtors). Factor organization provides you capital (money) up to 80% of the invoice value. Factor organization takes control of managing invoices. Example: A orders goods from B on credit. When B needs money, it will consult factor organization. So B will give its invoice to factor organization. After this B will be given 80% of the invoice then factor organization will take control of invoice. Invoice discounting: Concept of invoice discounting is as same as factoring but the only difference in factoring and invoice discounting is that in invoice discounting it does not have control of managing clients invoices. Hire purchase: (HP) It is also source of finance. When an individual or businesses buy goods on credit and pay money on installments is called as hire purchase. It is also consist of three parties which are. Finance manager Hire purchaser Supplier Hire purchase is similar to leasing, the only difference in leasing and hire purchase is that after completing installments of hire purchase you become owner of that good etc, while in leasing you do not become owner of that good etc after paying complete money. Debt securities: Securities are general term used for a promise to repay the debts. The company which provides security over debts is called as debentures. They are basically like a company takes loan from an individual. The company will repay the debt with interest in a certain time in the future. Both individuals and investors can use debt securities. Task for P2: Advantages and disadvantages of the sources of finance: There are different advantages and disadvantages of different sources of finance which are discussed below. Load from bank: Advantages: Banks may provide good amount of loan on the basis of your project. Banks also provide loans for long time. If borrower pays loaned amount before due date, banks may provide borrower with discount like decrease in interest rate etc. Disadvantages: Too much paper work is required to take loan from bank. Borrower must provide security for loan. Security provided for the loan can be taken as banks property if loaned amount is not paid. If loan borrower fails to payback loan on time interest rate may be increased by the bank. Loan from individuals: Advantages: It is simple and easily acquirable. Borrower does not need to provide security on taking loan. Lender may extend due date of paying back loan by negotiation of borrower. Personal assets can be claimed if loaned amount is not paid. Loan must be paid on time. Clashed may arise on late payment. Debt securities: Advantages: Company gains a lot of profit. Investors get profit by taking interests. In debt securities there a benefits of tax as well. Disadvantages: The investor will have to be given interest whether the company is in loss or in profit. Investor will be given their money on the time which is fixed in agreement. Banks overdrafts: Advantages: Too much paper work is not required by taking overdrafts from bank. Bank overdraft is good for short period of time. You dont need to give bank security while taking overdrafts from bank. Disadvantages: You can only take specific amount of overdraft which is provided by the bank. The bank may implement some of their policies like interest rate or specific time to give back over drafted amount. Bank might charge you on providing facility of overdraft. Hire Purchase: Advantages: Purchaser becomes owner of the asset after completing installments. After installments purchaser become owner of the asset. Disadvantages: Usually price of goods or assets are higher as compared to original price in hire purchase. Purchaser is not supposed to be the owner of the goods or assets till the completion of complete payment. If payment is not given lender can retake goods or assets back from hire purchaser. Leasing: Advantages: Lessee is supposed to be owner of the leased asset or good till the leasing agreement. Lessee gets the required asset or good without paying complete amount at a time. Inflation does not affect leasing because agreement once done cannot be changed until agreement date is finished. Disadvantages: Lessee does not become owner of the leased asset or good after paying complete amount as said in agreement. Leasing rates may vary after agreement is finished. Lessor does not have the right to change or to finish agreement before its finished date. Grants: Advantages: Grants are free. Grants do not require to be paid back. Disadvantages: Grants not given without proper rules and regulations. Difficult to achieve grants because they have tough competitors. Factoring: Advantages: Large amount of capital (money) is gained in short time. Factor organization takes control of clients invoices. This system helps in controlling cash flow problems and helps in maintaining good business Disadvantages: Clients usually do not like this source because factor organization will take payments from them. Factor organization charges interest and fees on providing services. Privacy becomes nil because clients invoices becomes invoices of factor organization. Franchising: Advantages: Franchisee does not need to spend money on advertisement and promotion. Franchisers cannot make another franchisee, where one franchisee is situated. Franchisee does not need to worry about customers because franchiser already has customers. Disadvantages: It is quite expensive. Franchisee will run business as guided by the franchisors. Franchisor might stop doing business in the future. Task for P3: Sources of finance which are viable for Mr. Javed: Mr. Javed will need finance of rupees 3 million more because in order to make this project successful Mr. Javed must have good amount of capital. .Plus Mr. Javed will need to take a building for institute will cost too much money. There are different sources of finance available for Mr. Javed, but most feasible sources for this project are Bank loan: Mr. Javed will need more amount of 3 million so the best source can be bank. Because banks offer loan for long time. Leasing: Leasing is important for Mr. Javed because for this project land (building) is important so buying building will cost Mr. Javed a lot so instead of buying building its better to lease building. Task for M1: Justifications and implications of advised sources: Bank Loan: Bank provides loan of large capital (Money). Loan can be taken from bank for long period of time. If the project earns profit by giving loan back to bank before due date Mr. Javed can get discount as well. Once you start relationship with bank, bank can further help you with more amount of money. Bank might offer Mr. Javed for partnership which will take place by will of Mr. Javed. Bank also provides discount in interest rate by paying loaned amount before due time. Leasing: It will be cheaper as compared to buy building for the project. Leasing is easily accessible. Building for leasing can be found everywhere Mr. Javed wants. If Mr. Javed earns profit if he wants to buy the leased building he can but this will take place after the will of lessor. Instead of buying building leasing is better because if Mr. Javed wants to shift his institute to somewhere else he would easily do that without having tension of selling bought building.

Comparison of HIIT Exercise and Cycling

Comparison of HIIT Exercise and Cycling State the research question being studied by the authors. Write a brief overview of the research topic by explaining the purpose of the study, the purpose of the problem being studied, and the results and conclusions. The purpose of this study was to explore physiological effects for a duration of eight weeks of regular physical activity in gym classes while doing either high intensity interval exercise or continuous moderate exercise on a bicycle. While the effects of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) was researched in athletic populations, studies analyzing the effects of such interval workouts once per week in sedentary individuals while they also performed regular cardiorespiratory physical activity was uncommon. The results of this study were significant in finding that continuous moderate exercise when cycling improved body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in collegiate aged females who also participated in physical education classes. Cardiorespiratory fitness, measured by assessing maximum oxygen untake (VO2 Max), also improved in collegiate aged females during HIIE while cycling. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that female students in college could benef it from continuous moderate exercise (CME) training, when spin cycling. As the obesity epidemic and chronic disorders continue, which occurred due to a lack of physical activity, it was clear that the purpose of this study was to provide evidence to decrease the problems resulting from bad physical activity patterns. State the null and research hypotheses based upon the type of research design and statistics used in the study. The research hypothesis was that regular physical fitness classes complemented with HIIE were more effective in improving body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in college aged females than CME. The null hypothesis would be that there was no relationship between the type of exercise and body composition or cardiorespiratory fitness in collegiate aged females. State the independent, dependent and potentially confounding variables (if any) in the study. The independent variables were HIIE and CME. The dependent variables were body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness. Confounding variables were gender, age, and prior physical activity. Describe the methods section in its entirety to test the null (describe the participants, instrument, procedures, and analysis). Forty-eight college aged females from a university in Poland participated in the study. While the students were not considered athletes, they had enrolled in a gym class that required them to exercise regularly for 45 minutes at a time twice a week. Measurements of body mass were taken to the nearest tenth of a kilogram. Body height was measured to the nearest centimeter. Body composition was calculated through body mass index after analyzing the fat mass and fat-free mass using a stand-on hand-to-foot analyzer with eight electrodes connecting the body without skin-to-skin contact. Waist and hip circumference were taken by one skilled exercise physiology expert to the nearest tenth of a centimeter. Each subject was placed in a random group. Twenty-four were performing HIIE. The other 24 participants were performing CME. Each session lasted 63 minutes over an eight-week period while being under the supervision of the trained exercise physiology specialist. The cycling program was done using a mechanically braked cycle ergometer so that the resistance of the cycle could be altered given the results from a heart rate monitor. Each training session started with a five-minute warm-up. The HIIE program required subjects to have two sessions of six sets of ten second sprints during each intervention. In between the ten second sprints were a one minute active recovery period with the subject pedaling to a speed so their heart rate was about 75% of their maximum heart rate. The CME program required subjects to pedal at a speed so they had a consistent heart rate of 75%. A ten-minute cool-down was also a part of both programs. VO2 Max was estimated using the Astrand-Rhyming nomogram at steady heart rate and heavy work load and the cycle ergometer test. Heart rate was assessed with a monitor and adjusted accordingly throughout the test. The aerobic capacity test started with a one W/kg load and continued until a heart rate was obtained between 135-150 beats per minute. Th e anaerobic test (AnT) was done on a mechanically braked cycle ergometer. After the five-minute warm-up, as previously discussed, and after a five-minute rest, the AnT started using a load of 7.5% of the subjects body mass. With positive, verbal encouragement, the participants were instructed to progress to their maximum pedaling rate while cycling their fastest for a ten second period. After a period of maintaining a speed where the heart rate was 75% of the maximum heart rate for one minute, the participant was encouraged five more times to pedal their maximum speed while maintaining the appropriate heart rate after each time. To begin the analysis, body mass and height were similar within both groups before the testing. A two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to find results. Body composition results revealed fat mass decreased after the programs were completed. However, a larger increase in fat free mass was observed in the CME intervention compared to the HIIE in tervention. The findings were significant. As far as analyzing aerobic and anaerobic capacity, VO2 max, as well as power output and total work, presented a significant time effect of the program which resulted in improvement from both programs although power output was more improved in the HIIE subjects than the subjects who performed CME. Discuss and describe at least three ways to check for validity of findings. Content validity was a way to accurately assess what is being measured while using different aspects (Nelson, Silverman, Thomas, 2015). During the assessments of this study, a way content validity was checked throughout the study was by having an expert exercise physiologist measure each subject under supervision. To improve the content validity, another expert in the exercise physiology field should perform another similar assessment. Another way to check content validity was using the same formula to determine maximum heart rate. Construct validity was based on if the testing measures what was supposed to be assessed (Nelson et al., 2015). Since the research was done with female subjects in college, construct validity can be checked in the findings. The only difference with construct validity in this research was that only 48 females participated in the process. Based off those 48 females, the results generalize to college aged, female population. If a different group of female college students participated in the same study, the construct validity would improve. Criterion validity, in this research, was how well the type of exercise relates to body composition or cardiorespiratory fitness. Therefore, a way to check the validity of HIIE cycling would be comparing it to HIIE training using a different type of aerobic and anaerobic capacity. Discuss and describe at least five ways to check for reliability of findings. One of the ways to check reliability of these findings was using the test-retest reliability. To do so, all 48 participants in this study would be required to participate in an additional study performing the same tests using the same methods. Another way to check the reliability of findings is having multiple experts of exercise physiology assess and take measurements of the same subjects who performed during the study. Parallel forms reliability was another way to test the consistency of the findings. The subjects who performed the HIIE cycling should perform the CME while cycling so measurements can be taken. On the contrary, the subjects who performed the CME while cycling should perform the HIIE cycling. Subjects then can be evaluated to see if similar results occur. Internal consistency reliability was also a way to check for reliability of findings. Since the study was measured by one exercise physiologist with expertise in administering and measuring data from both cycling tests, including the positioning of the heart rate monitor or applying the correct resistance with the appropriate exercise program, the test has high internal consistency reliability (Henson, 2001, p. 177). The quality of the administrative procedure also affected the reliability of the study. During the study, participants were encouraged to participate using their best effort throughout the duration of the program testing. Keeping a consistent background with the correct explanation and process of testing, such as starting everyone with a five-minute warm-up and finishing with the appropriate cool down, was important for reliability purposes (Miller, 2006, p. 70). Describe methodology decisions that should reduce risk of Type I OR Type II errors in the study. One of the limitations of the research was not controlling the physical activity outside of the physical education classes and the HIIE or CME by cycling. Not controlling physical activity outside of the study could have influenced results if students performed extra physical activity. On the other end of the spectrum was calorie consumption which also was not strictly maintained. To reduce a type I error, which would provide false positive results, limiting physical activity outside of those parameters could provide more valid and reliable results because subjects reduce any number of excess calories burned outside of the study. Limiting the number of calories consumed per day throughout the duration of the study would also reduce the risk of a type I error. References Henson, R. K. (2001). Understanding internal consistency reliability estimates: A conceptual primer on coefficient alpha. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34(3), 177. Mazurek, K., Zmijewski, P., Krawczyk, K., Czajkowska, A., Keska, A., Kapuscinski, P., Mazurek, T. (2016). High intensity interval and moderate continuous cycle training in a physical education programme improves health-related fitness in young females. Biology of Sport, 33(2), 139-144. Miller, D. K. (2006). Measurement by the physical educator: Why and how (5th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Nelson, J. K., Silverman, S. J., Thomas, J. R. (2015). Research methods in physical activity(7th ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Essay on Worth in Everyday Use -- Everyday Use essays

A Question of Worth in Everyday Use  Ã‚     Ã‚   From the fashionable, expensive clothing that the character Dee in Alice Walker’s "Everyday Use" wears, the girl seems almost immediately to be a person of great value and importance. It may seem, too, at first glance, that Dee’s mother and sister, Maggie, in their tin-roof house and shabby clothing, are of little or no worth in "Everyday Use." The story ironically shows, under more careful thought, that the very outer characteristics which deem Dee the more valuable character are the ones which prove that the mother and Maggie have the more powerful inner worth. In the beginning of the story, Dee is portrayed to be more physically valuable than her mother and Maggie. Dee’s outfit reeks of a money-based society, much different from that of her heritage. Dee wears "A dress down to the ground...There are yellows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun. Earrings, too, gold and hanging down to her shoulders" (Walker 1151). Dee’s mother even reflects on her oldest daughter’s full figure and nice hair(1150). The mother and Maggie, on the other hand, are given an air of simplicity and unattractiveness. The mother is described as a large, big-boned man-worker whose usual attire consists of overalls and flannel nightgowns. Maggie, referred to as a "lame animal," is thin and shabbily dressed(1150). From the vivid description of Dee and rather bland ones of the mother and Maggie, it may be readily assumed that Dee is of much higher extrinsic value than her family members. Despite the outer attractiveness of Dee and unattractiveness of her mother and Maggie, the differences in the behavior of the groups indicate a turnaround in the presumed value judgments of the characters... ... as well. The first glimpse of "Everyday Use" may suggest that Dee surpasses her mother and sister in value, but closer scrutiny of the work reveals that the mother and Maggie have just as much, if not more, merit than Dee. Works Cited Walker, Alice. "Everyday Use." The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. New York: HarperCollins, 1991. 1149. Baker, Houston A., Jr. and Pierce-Baker, Charlotte. Short Story Criticism. Ed. Thomas Votteler. Vol. 5. Gale Research Inc.: Detroit, MI,1990. 402. Mickelson, Anne Z. Short Story Criticism. Ed. Thomas Votteler. Vol. 5. Gale Research Inc.: Detroit, MI, 1990. 406. Works Consulted Matriz, Roger, ed. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Detroit, MI: Gale Research Inc., Vol. 5, 6, 9, 19, 27. 1991. Draper, James P., ed. Black Literature Criticism. Detroit, MI: Gale Research, Inc., Vol. 3. 1992.   

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Good afternoon. Today I have been asked to speak about graduation past, present and future. My first graduation occurred when I finished kindergarten. This is often where we learn the most basic of principles. This is what I learned: Share everything. Play fair. Don't hit people. Put things back where you found them. Don't take things that are not yours. Say you're sorry when you hurt somebody. Wash your hands before you eat. Don't forget to flush. Warm cookies and cold milk are good for you. Live a balanced life. Learn some and think some, and draw, paint, sing, dance, play and work a little bit everyday. Take a nap in the afternoon. When you go out into the world, watch for traffic, hold hands and stick together. Be aware of the wonder of God's creation. Everything you need to know is in there somewhere. The golden rule and love, and basic sanitation, ecology, and politics and sane living. Think of what a better world it would be if we all decided to take a nap at 3:00 every afternoon and then laid down with our bl...

Information Systems in Global Business Today Essay

How IT drives the UPS operation worldwide. Using smart people and smart technology, UPS delivers over 14 million packages daily to 200 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wirelessly connected to UPS main databases located in seventeen major data centers throughout through out the world. Case United Parcel Service’s global operations are driven by its information systems technology. What UPS can do is largely a function of its information technology investments. Beginning as a local delivery service in 1907, UPS expanded on the West coast initially, reached New York in the 1930s, and went international in the 1970s. Today, UPS delivers over 14 million packages daily to 200 countries and territories, requiring the talents of 70,000 drivers who are wireless connected to UPS main databases located in seventeen major data centers throughout through out the world. A multi-year, multibillion dollar investment in technology drove the growth of UPS over the last twenty five years beginning in 1990. This investment enabled the development of the DIAD, the Delivery Information Acquisition Device. DIAD is a key element in UPSs business technology platform. Company spokesmen say that â€Å"UPS revolutionized the package delivery business in 1991 when it developed and deployed the first Delivery Information Acquisition Device, known as the DIAD. More than twenty years later, UPS continues its pioneering development efforts with the fourth generation of the DIAD – the DIAD IV. To ensure maximum flexibility in field transmission capabilities, DIAD IV includes multiple wireless connectivity options. Each DIAD IV features a built-in GPRS and CDMA radio, an acoustical modem to facilitate dial-up access if necessary, and 802. 11b wireless local area network connectivity to enable transmission in a UPS center. The DIAD IV also features a Bluetooth wireless personal area network and an infrared (IrDA) port to communicate with peripheral devices and customer PCs/printers. DIAD IV introduces a revolutionary new feature – Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) – to the handheld terminal market. UPS plans to use this technology to provide drivers with more detailed directions to pick-up and delivery points in order to improve customer service. The monochrome screen on previous DIADS will be replaced with a color screen that accommodates more information which can be displayed in an easier-to-read, more attractive manner. The color screen also enables UPS to color-code messages transmitted to a driver’s DIAD. Urgent customer pickup messages, for example, can be color-coded to alert the driver. In addition, the DIAD IV contains 128 megabytes of memory – 20 times the capacity of the DIAD III. UPS will use this expanded capacity to provide new and improved customer services. Like its predecessors, the DIAD IV’s battery lasts an entire work day. The DIAD IV sends delivery information to the UPS data repository as soon as the delivery information is entered. Drivers simply scan the package bar code, collect the receiver’s signature electronically, type in the Copyright Notice This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials from this site should never be made available to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials. last name of the receiver and push a single key to complete the transaction and send the data. There is no need to activate a cell phone or return to the vehicle. Part of what makes the DIAD such a powerful tool is the system – ODS (On-Demand Services) – that enables communication with the driver. Every UPS driver automatically logs into the ODS system first thing in the morning. This allows dispatchers and center management to access the driver via his/her DIAD throughout the day by sending generalized text messages. Virtually all drivers start their day with a list of predefined customer pickup locations for that day. Thanks to ODS, the addition of a one-time pickup can be added to a driver’s work list on-the-fly, enabling UPS to take best advantage of the geographic location of its entire fleet for servicing pickup requests. By using the DIAD, UPS eliminates the use of 59 million sheets of paper per year. The DIAD IV is the most comprehensive tracking device in the delivery industry, combining data collection and transmission technologies, digital signature capture, extensive expandable memory and rugged construction to withstand extreme temperatures and hard falls. † Other Features The UPS technology infrastructure enables UPS to offer its customers many services, such as package tracking, freight planning, and freight truck packing optimization, in addition to the basic shipment of packages.

P2: Discuss Theories of communication Essay

A patient has entered the hospital and needs urgent attention. The doctors and nurses rush to him and soon realise he is deaf. This is a major problem as the communication cycle is broken, as they can’t understand what the deaf person is trying to say. A communication cycle involves a kind of a code that has to be translated. You need to work out what the other person behavior really means. Communication is a cycle because when two people communicate they need to check their ideas have been understood. There are six stages in the communication cycle. All which needs to be complete in order for the nurses and the doctors could be able to treat the deaf patient and that everyone understands each other. (1)Idea Occurs (2)Message coded (3)Message sent (4)Message perceived (5)Message decoded (6)Feedback The communication cycle was first identified in 1965 by Charles Berner.Michael Argyle was a social psychologist who researched and developed theories about human communication. In 1972 he said that interpersonal communication was a skill that had to be learnt, just the way you learn to drive a car .He said that when you are driving a car, you have to change your method to match the conditions of what is happening on the road. Argyle also argued that communication involved much the same ‘cycle’ as driving a car required and to enable the cycle to work successfully, two or more groups/people must be present. In this we have doctors and nurses. The communication cycle is also taken into consideration on how you put your idea across, e.g. body language. To help improve communication body language is used. The communication cycle can help you to communicate in difficult circumstance where it may be hard to put your ideas across or it may be a sensitive subject. Communication is a fundamental part of all of our lives. There are many different methods of communication and we are gaining more and more all the time. An idea occurs: This is the very first stage of the cycle. Information exists in the mind of the sender. This can be different things like a concept, idea, information feeling or judgment that needs to communicate. Mentally we all have the urge to desperately say what we are thinking. In this scenario, at this stage of the communication cycle, the doctors, nurse and everyone else in this urgent situation would have something they want to say or ask that may help the patient that has just been rushed in. Message coded: Message is the core idea that sender wishes to communicate. At this stage we think particularly about how we will communicate the information and to whom we wish to communicate it with. We tend to think through how were going to communicate what we are thinking and begin to put your thought into language. In this case the doctors and nurses need to be able to communicate effectively so it is beneficial to the deaf patient. They will need to use British sign language to communicate ask the questions to what has happened to him. It would be less likely that a one of the staff will know how to sign, so they are will need to bring an interpreter to help everyone with the situation. In this stage of the cycle (message coded) the doctors and nurses have 2 types of people they need to talk to; the interpreter and the patient .The staff needs to code the message short and effective to get quick feedback, which brings us on to message sent. Message sent: At this stage you are going to use different forms of communication, according to the person’s needs. Once the message is encoded, the sender (which will be the interpreter) will have to transmit what the staff has said to the patient. Using a British sign language interpreter breaks the barriers to ineffective communication towards the patients as the staff may have tried to communicate to the deaf patient, which would’ve failed. But at this stage it is better off not having an interpreter who knows the patient or is a family member because they may be against them or with them (biased). It would definitely be beneficial to get an interpreter who doesn’t know the patient who needs treatment and to the staff as they need to collect information, so they are able to assess what is going on with patient. The deaf patient may have a friend or a family member with them who could fill in any information about the patient or about what may have caused the injury. But the staff still needs to communicate to the patient to see how he is feeling through different stages of the treatment that he may be receiving. During this final stage, a few nonverbal communications could be used to help improve messages being sent to the staff .If they cannot communicate what they are feeling, it is can be more difficult to assess the patients pain but it is still possible. You can also look at any physical signs like body language, hand gestures and facial expressions. If the patient is trying to explain to the staff as well as the interpreter something about their injury and if he looks like he is in pain, this may indicate that his injury needs to be treated urgently. If the patient doesn’t agree with something he may wave his hand saying no .i.e. Automatiaclly, if the patient comes in to the hospital with their hands supporting their arm this could give a little hint that there may be something wrong with their arm. Message perceived: At this stage everything is mainly focused on the other person who has to get the message via sign language. The Deaf patient should have got the message quick and effectively. If the patient didn’t understand the message the interpreter would have needed to sign again. Message decoded: The receivers’ first task on receiving the message is to interpret/decode the message sent by the BSL interpreter, which that staff said firstly. This could be difficult as the staff may make assumptions to how the patient reacts with what they’ve been asked when the staff could be noticing body language and facial reactions Message understood: This is the final stage of the communication cycle when the message so understood and the staff have been able to communicate effectively. Not always message are understood and if the deaf patient did understand what the staff have asked he will be able to sign back to the interpreter which then the interpreter should be able to translate back verbally about what the patient has said. Scenario 2: This model was first developed by Bruce Tuckman in 1965.Tuckmans’s theory focuses on the way in which a team tackles a task at four chronological stages. Forming: Forming involves group members coming together and asking basic questions about the purpose and aims of the groups. In this first stage of the group development, members tend to feel quite anxious usually at this moment someone from the group will come out as the leader. Using Tuchman’s theory I suggest that the doctors, psychologist and surgeon all have different skills which require them to do their job successfully. Usually a leader must be prepared to answer questions and everyone would start to ask about the team’s purpose, objectives and external relationships. Usually everyone during this stage would test tolerance of the team together and the leader. This then would lead to storming were usually everyone break out. Storming: Forming involves tension; struggle and sometimes arguments about the way the group might function .Power and control are the main issues during storming phase. Without tolerance and patient, the team will fail, at this stage. Once they’ve finally settled down, co-operation between members of the group should begin to develop towards the end of this phase. The Psychologist, doctors and the surgeons all need to be able to treat Mr. Jones without causing any delay. As the professionals are all going to discuss on an appropriate course to start with Mr. Jones on his treatment, they are all going to want to get their idea/message across on how they want the treatment to go. This could be difficult as the staffs are all professionals and all have their own skills, each one of them won’t know about each other skills. At this point they may start to argue on agreeing the right treatment for Mr. Jones. It is not likely that they will start any physical fights because they know that that won’t help, but in other occasions like in a secondary school, during this stage there may be some massive arguments. They should be able to settle down by the end of this stage but still wanting a bit of power. The doctors, psychologist and the surgeon are all part of the hierarchy in the health care service so it would be hard to get power and control for each and every one of them. Norming: In stage 3, the group will begins to come together. The group’s responsibility or tasks have been clearing defined and agreed upon. Now past their arguments, each member of staff would now understand each other and have a certain amount of appreciations for each other’s skills, as they all have different skills because they all have different professional. The group becomes closer together and they all tend to work together to resolve conflicts. The doctors, surgeon and the psychologists must by now have known each other’s skills from ‘storming’ (stage 2)and as they know now each other’s skills each of the professionals, would’ve talked about when would be appropriate to do the surgery, therapy and when to start the medication for Mr. Jones as soon as possible. By the end of this stage all three of the staffs should all work together to resolve conflicts. Performing: This is the final stage of the group communication cycle. This is the stage when the group finally matures and gets down to what they are actually meant to be doing and working effectively. Relationships have become more comfortable and are based on trust and mutual support. Each of the staff should now know what they’ve all got to do. They should all work together if they want to treat Mr. Jones without any causing delay. From the past 3 stages, they’ve should by now not feel anxious or worried. // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t=†Ã¢â‚¬ ,o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "studymoose.com"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e