Similarities And Differences Between Salinger And Holden...

In the book, â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye†, Holden Caulfield has many conflicts and life lessons. Throughout the story the author, J.D. Salinger, creates events that make the main character realize that in life people change and grow. The message behind the story is let children grab the â€Å"gold ring† and you can’t always be the catcher in the rye. All of the things that make Holden who he is have many resemblances to the life of the author, J.D. Salinger. One of the similarities between Holden and Salinger’s lives are they both attended private schools. Holden attended many schools that he continuously got kicked out of. The main school focused on in the story was Pencey Prep. Holden got ejected from Pencey as a result of failing four†¦show more content†¦Holden doesn’t want to talk about his life, or go into any personal details. Salinger tried to avoid any interaction with the media, and didn’t want to talk about his life. In 1 987 Salinger inhibited the publication of his biography by Ian Hamilton. He didn’t want his biography published, nor talked about, like Holden. Another similarity is when salinger was young he wanted to become a drama writer and actor, and in the story Holden’s brother was a Hollywood writer. In the story Salinger wrote, â€Å" . Salinger grew up in New York City, and majority of the book â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† took place in New York City. D.B. and Salinger have another similar feature. Salinger entered the military in 1942. While Salinger was in the war he wrote. He published â€Å"Slight Rebellion of Madison† in 1946, but it later became â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye†. Holden’s brother also wrote while he was in the military. The war both gave them something to write about. In the book Salinger wrote, â€Å"My brother D.B. was in the Army for four years. He was in the war, too—he landed on D-Day and all—but I really think he hated the Army worse than the war. I was practically a child at the time, but I remember when he used to come home on furlough and all, all he did was lie on his bed, practically. He hardly ever even came in the living room. Later, when he went overseas and was inShow MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between Huckleberry Finn And Ho lden Caulfield771 Words   |  4 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger are arguably two of the most popular American novels. Both novels have withstood the test of time through their timeless themes and relatable characters. Their protagonists, Huckleberry Finn and Holden Caulfield, are memorable and unique with their own distinctive personality traits. Due to each characters originality, it is interesting to note the similarities and differences between them. Huckleberry Finn and Holden Caulfield are alike in that they both lieRead MoreComparison Of IM Crazy By J. D. Salinger746 Words   |  3 PagesWhen J.D. Salinger went to war, he not only affected his own life, but also the life of Holden Caulfield. Similarities between Salinger and Caulfield are too numerous to write off as coincidence: both went to and flunked out of prep schools, and both had a penchant for language classes. Salinger’s life greatly impacted the plot and style of his works because Salinger used himself as inspiration for Holden, as demonstrated through â€Å"I’m Crazy†, â€Å"Slight Rebellion off Madison†, and The Catcher in theRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye as a Coming-of-Age Story Essay841 Words   |  4 Pagesthere TWO Holden Caulfields in the book, and what is the difference between them? The novel ‘The Catcher in the Rye’ by J.D Salinger is a coming-of-age story. It follows the short tale of Holden Caulfield, a sixteen year old boy, who throughout his experiences in the novel, changes and becomes more mature and independent. The story essentially has two Holden Caulfields, the one telling the story, and the one that the story is being told about. This essay will look at the differences and similaritiesRead MoreMark David Chapman and The Cather in the Rye847 Words   |  3 Pagesmurdering Lennon. In court, Chapman used the novel as his statement and even signed his copy of the novel as â€Å"Holden Caulfield,† the novel’s protagonist, believing himself to actually be Caulfield. Because of this, John Lennon and the book will be eternally connected. However, Lennon’s death is not the only parallel to be drawn between Holden Caulfield and Lennon; the similarities between Holden and Lennon are almost uncanny. Their views on religion are virtually identical; and if they were to be switchedRead MoreCatcher In The Rye Analysis1434 Words   |  6 Pagescontaining heroic protagonists; Holden Caulfield of The Catcher in the Rye is not one of these classic heroes. The article Some Crazy Cliff by Arthur Heiserman and James E. Miller Jr. provides one interpretation of the novel suggesting that the protagonist is unique compared to others commonly found in American literature; most heroes are seeking acceptance while Holden is seeking something within the society he is trying to leave. The novel follows Holden Caulfield, a young boy who recently flunkedRead MoreCatcher in the Rye Essay837 Words   |  4 PagesJ.D Salinger’s fictional novel ‘The Catcher in the Rye’ explores ideas of coming of age and challenging society’s morals through the life of Holden Caulfield, the young protagonist of the novel. The term ‘coming of age’ can be defined as when someone reaches an important stage i n development and is accepted by a large number of people. The word ‘morals’ is concerned with the principles or rules of right conduct or the distinction of right and wrong. Themes such as innocence, isolation and youth resideRead MoreSalinger s The Rye 1527 Words   |  7 PagesCatcher in the Rye is a novel written by J.D Salinger, it follows 17-year-old Holden Caulfield throughout the days following his expulsion from Pencey Prep. The book dives into Holden’s unstable mind as he recounts his story from a rest home, often feeling confused, lost and mad at the world. This underlining theme of teenage angst has become very popular and finds itself in various works of modern day media such as the television show the Fosters. The Fosters follows the story of a similarly troubledRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Catcher Of The Rye 1080 Words   |  5 PagesReaching adulthood for many individuals leaves them instilled with curiosity and unaware of what to come. C haracters like Iggy Slocomb and Holden Caulfield are lead through a journey of self-driven motifs to better understanding there true place in life and adjusting accordingly. Nonetheless there view on society has left them believing hypocrisy is a trait carried through many, and thus falsely believing they are exempt from it. Hypocrisy is viewed as the process of stating moral standards or beliefsRead MoreThe Catcher In The Rye by J. D. Salinger and Looking For Alaska by John Green1729 Words   |  7 Pagesyoung adulthood, provide an insight on the commonalities and differences between these two generations and their unique American experiences. The two novels written by J.D. Salinger and John Green, respectively, were written fifty-four years apart, but their similarities are nonpareil. In fact, Green cites The Catcher In The Rye as an inspiration for his novel. The Catcher In The Rye and Looking For Alaska display similarities between two different generations through macabre inte rnal conflicts,Read MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By F. D. Salinger898 Words   |  4 PagesHuck Finn and Holden Caulfield may seem to be complete opposites at first glance; however, in fact they’re extremely similar. Huck Finn, the lead protagonist in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, is an adolescent boy who was abandoned by his father at a young age. When his father returned Huck ran away and went on an adventure with a runaway slave named Jim. Similarly Holden Caulfield also went on an adventure during which he made several self-discoveries. In The Catcher in the Rye

The Hobbits Curriculum - 698 Words

Introduction Playing outdoors and the experiences children encounter are often remembered for a lifetime and through incorporating an outdoor environment with learning goals provides depth in a curriculum which could be difficult to implement with an indoor environment (The Scottish Government, 2010). The Little Hobbits curriculum is as an outdoor curriculum catering for Kindergarten age group of 4-5. Rationale The Little Hobbits Curriculum is an outdoor curriculum that allows children the opportunity to experience the outdoors first hand, allowing the children to be lifelong learners and to become healthy and confident individuals (The Scottish Government, 2010). Outdoor play has always been an important function of any curriculum mainly regarding physical play and the development of gross motor skills. The Little Hobbits Curriculum however, views the outdoor environment as the best environment for a child to develop their learning and development. The outdoor environment is not just about physical education or children just letting off steam, it is an environment that allows the children to learn from all aspects of development (Leicestershire County Council, 2011). The outdoor environment promotes a dynamic, rich and natural space for children to play and learn (Ambrose Armstrong, 2009). Outdoor play allows the children to use active play, which uses real life and imaginary situa tions and can be used through spontaneous play, teacher initiated play,Show MoreRelatedVideo Games And Its Effects On The Classroom929 Words   |  4 PagesMinecraftEdu. According to the T H E Journal’s â€Å"4 Innovative Ways To Teach With Video Games†, their use of Minecraft was intentionally used as an after school program for at-risk students. After finding success in the project, Shane Asselstine, the curriculum and technology director of Momilani Elementary School in Oahu, HI, used the same program to teach his students math and science. Students were required to create a zoo, researching biomes and calculating perimeters for the cages to hold the animalsRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Society2285 Words   |  10 Pagesusing a variety of video games, ranging from concrete programs designed specifically to improve core subject skills (such as Timez Attack, DragonBox, Motion Force, and PhET simulations) to standard video games that can be manipulated to tie into a curriculum (World of Warcraft, Minecraft). In Leila Meyer’s Article â€Å"4 Innovative Ways to Teach with Video Games†, he discusses how one should incorporate virtual gaming into education and why it works. According to his research, at this point, as many asRead MoreFacilitating Learning and Assessment in Practice3273 Words   |  14 PagesIngalls Wilder lost no time in capturing my interest and showing me that simple wonders of daily life mixed with a caring, loving family can be the ingredients to happiness and fulfillment. J.R.R. Tolkien pulled me completely into his magical world of hobbits and wizards, quests and riddles, providing a pleasant escape from my teenage hormonal roller coaster ride and reminding me that, while I often felt insignificant in the big scheme of things, I had a purpose for being and I would find that purpose

Brand Management Create Awareness

Question: Discuss about theBrand Managementfor Create Awareness. Answer: Necessity of Exploring Consumer Insight when Measuring the Effectiveness of the Advertising Campaigns It is evident that in order to promote the brand or create awareness regarding the brand among the people, the firm needs to focus on the advertising campaigns (Ashley and Tuten 2015). Through advertising, the brand could target the wide area of market. Thus, the while promoting the products and services through advertising, the brand should consider customers insight as customer is the major goal to addressed the message through advertising is being conveyed. The brand should promote the products based on customers taste and interests. Thus, it is insignificant to advertise the contents that customers cannot relate to brand products and services. While measuring the effectiveness of the advertisement, it is necessary to look into the fact that, at what extent the customers embrace the advertising campaigns and give reactions. For example, if the customers do prefer the staffer campaigns of BQ, then, brand may have to think again to develop their advertising strategies. Other Possible Elements Required to Build a Successful Brand Apart from the advertising, the brand could implement or include other relevant elements such as logo development, CSR activities. As put forward by Sengupta, Balaji and Krishnan (2015), a logo of the brand could effectively present the products and services; thereby, people could relate the brand with its products and services. However, Ashley and Tuten (2015) commented that BQ needs to improve its logo to help people understand about the products and services without visiting to the store. Likewise, in order to develop the brand, BQ needs to focus on the CSR activities. By engaging itself in CSR activities, the firm could create a place in the mind of people. Hence, by implementing CSR activities, BQ could contribute to the development of community, which is one of the significant strategies of any large brand. For example, BQ could take part in promoting the importance of green field and nature. Consideration of environmental sustainability is another significant strategy to devel op the brand. Reference List: Ashley, C. and Tuten, T., 2015. Creative strategies in social media marketing: An exploratory study of branded social content and consumer engagement.Psychology Marketing,32(1), pp.15-27. Sengupta, A.S., Balaji, M.S. and Krishnan, B.C., 2015. How customers cope with service failure? A study of brand reputation and customer satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,68(3), pp.665-674.

John Dos Passoss Manhattan Transfer Essay Example

John Dos Passoss Manhattan Transfer Paper Both F. Scott Fitzgeralds Great Gatsby and John Dos Passoss Manhattan Transfer contain significant criticisms on American society but they present and explore this in different ways. Manhattan Transfer is comprised of snapshots of life, it has three sections and in the first one we are introduced to at least twenty characters. It does not focus on any one specific life or subject. The Great Gatsby is a continuing story of the lives of a small group of upper class Americans and their part in society. Not only is it interesting to consider the ways that the two writers differ in their approach to criticising society, it is interesting to examine the affects that these different styles have on the reader. One of the main themes that are prevalent in both stories is the criticism of societys obsession with wealth and status. Fitzgerald explores this theme through the unfolding of the lives of his characters and their attitudes towards each other. We are told that Daisy refuses to marry J. Gatsby despite being in love with him, [He] was poor and she was tired of waiting. We will write a custom essay sample on John Dos Passoss Manhattan Transfer specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on John Dos Passoss Manhattan Transfer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on John Dos Passoss Manhattan Transfer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Instead she marries Tom Buchanan, A man full of pomp and circumstance who could afford to give her a string of pearls valued at three hundred and fifty thousand dollars the day before her wedding. Through getting to know Daisy we discover that this choice has led her to having a very bad time and being trapped in an unhappy marriage with an unfaithful husband. Daisy says of her daughter that she hopes she is a fool implying that the fact that she used her head when making a decision for marriage has not given her happiness. Despite her words at the end of the novel Daisy makes the decision to stay with Tom even after the love affair with Gatsby has been rekindled. It is clear that Tom can offer her the status that Gatsby never can, he is an aristocrat that belongs in fashionable East Egg, whereas Gatsby, however much money he makes cannot escape the fact that he will always be viewed by upper class society as Mr Nobody from Nowhere. Dos Passos shows societies importance of wealth in more brief observational ways, there are instances of characters forfeiting love in order to form relationships for money and status again. Relationships in this story appear to be more business like than for love, we see Emile whos headed to the city in pursuit of wealth attach himself to Madame Rigaud a business owner under the guise of love. Ellen sees marriage also as a way in which to better herself financially, her comments on marriage relay that love is not her main concern and other characters in the story comment on this, Why that girld marry a trollycar if she thought she could get anything by it. A notable difference of the two novels is the familiarity of the characters, While the criticism of Fitzgerald stems from the unhappiness that can be brought about by placing wealth over love, Dos Passos shows us far less consequences but many more examples of the willingness of people to enter a relationship for money and status. We almost read of the relationships as business deals as apposed to examining the inner workings of a relationship. The result of this technique is one of shock for the reader of the cold-hearted money driven nature of society. Both Manhattan Transfer and the Great Gatsby comment on the weight given to appearance in New York society. Right from the opening of Manhattan Transfer the reader is presented with how vital it is to look the part in order to succeed. The only job seeking advice given to Bud is to go and git a shave and a haircut and brush the hey seeds out o yer suit abit before you start lookin' because its looks that count in this city. Appearance is also of great importance in The Great Gatsby when playing the role of an upper class citizen.

The Seventh Symphony essays

The Seventh Symphony essays Arriving at the Arnoff Center for the Performing Arts this passed Saturday `evening, sparked my imagination when I first saw the interior atrium. The building was beautiful and spacious along with fantastic lighting accents. I just knew this ballet performance was going to be a good one. Moreover, I had no idea how well executed and imaginative this performance was going to be. The main event was the Seventh Symphony. Leonide Massine casted this work and the United States have not seen this work since 1948. Massine was from the Ballet Russe era. This caused an infuriation with the music world. Unfortunately, George Balanchine conquered Massines career. Massine was trained at the Imperial School in Moscow and choreographed for Diaghilev's company from 1915 to 1928. His choreographed ballets like Soleil de Nuit in 1915, Parade in 1917, Les Femmes de Bonne Humeur in 1917, Contes Russes in 1917, La Boutique fantasque in 1919, Le Tricorne in 1919, Pulcinella in 1919, Le Chant du Rossignol in 1920, Astuzie Femminili in1920, Zphyre et Flore in 1925, Les Matelots in 1925, Pas d'acier in 1927, and Ode in 1928. He also choreographed works for the "Soirees de Paris" in 1924 like Salade (Darius Milhaud), Mercure (Erik Satie), Les Roses (Henri Sauguet), Le Beau Danube (J. Strauss) and Gigue. His last works were for Ballets Russes de Monte-Carlo he choreographed Jeu x d'Enfants in 1932, Les Prsages 1933, Beach in 1933, Union Pacific in 1933, La Symphonie fantastique in 1936, The Seventh Symphony [Septime Symphonie] in 1938, and his last, L'Etrange farandole in 1939. The main event was The Seventh Symphony. The first movement was The Creation. God was creating plants where there were girls in dresses acting as the plants. The men sitting down were rocks in brown unitards. Water was hitting the rocks to make a stream. There were birds created with deer, fish, and plants. T ...

Thomas Edison, American Inventor and Showman

Thomas Edison, American Inventor and Showman Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847–October 18, 1931) was an inventor, but more than that he was a showman, a celebrity who made the process of inventing a fascination for the American public. His contributions to many different inventions were by and large joint discoveries, based on generations of previous work, as well as the work of his gifted assistants and accomplished competitors. He was the face of the future, technology, and progress in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Fast Facts: Thomas Edison Known For: Inventor, patent holder, celebrityBorn: February 11, 1847 in Milan, OhioParents: Sam Edison Jr. and Nancy Elliott EdisonDied: October 18, 1931 in West Orange, New JerseyEducation: Three months of formal education, homeschooled until age 12Published Works: Quadruplex telegraph, phonograph, unbreakable cylinder record called the Blue Ambersol, electric pen, a version of the incandescent lightbulb and an integrated system to run it, motion picture camera called a kinetographSpouse(s): Mary Stilwell, Mina MillerChildren: Marion Estelle, Thomas Jr., William Leslie by Mary Stilwell; and Madeleine, Charles, and Theodore Miller by Mina Miller Early Life Thomas Alva Edison was born to Sam and Nancy on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio, the son of a Canadian refugee and his schoolteacher wife. Edisons mother Nancy Elliott was originally from New York until her family moved to Vienna, Canada, where she met Sam Edison, Jr., whom she later married. Sam was the descendant of British loyalists who fled to Canada at the end of the American revolution, but when he became involved in an unsuccessful revolt in Ontario in the 1830s he was forced to flee to the United States. They made their home in Ohio in 1839. The family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, in 1854, where Sam worked in the lumber business. Education and First Job Known as Al in his youth, Edison was the youngest of seven children, four of whom survived to adulthood, and all of them were in their teens when Edison was born. Edison tended to be in poor health when he was young and was a poor student. When a schoolmaster called Edison addled, or slow, his furious mother took him out of the school and proceeded to teach him at home. Edison said many years later, My mother was the making of me. She was so true, so sure of me, and I felt I had someone to live for, someone I must not disappoint. At an early age, he showed a fascination for mechanical things and chemical experiments. In 1859 at the age of 12, Edison took a job selling newspapers and candy on the Grand Trunk Railroad to Detroit. He started two businesses in Port Huron, a newsstand and a fresh produce stand, and finagled free or very low-cost trade and transport in the train. In the baggage car, he set up a laboratory for his chemistry experiments and a printing press, where he started the Grand Trunk Herald, the first newspaper published on a train. An accidental fire forced him to stop his experiments on board. Loss of Hearing Around the age of 12, Edison lost almost all of his hearing. There are several theories as to what caused this. Some attribute it to the aftereffects of scarlet fever, which he had as a child. Others blame it on a train conductor boxing his ears after Edison caused a fire in the baggage car, an incident Edison claimed never happened. Edison himself blamed it on an incident in which he was grabbed by his ears and lifted to a train. He did not let his disability discourage him, however, and often treated it as an asset since it made it easier for him to concentrate on his experiments and research. Undoubtedly, though, his deafness made him more solitary and shy in dealing with others. Telegraph Operator In 1862, Edison rescued a 3-year-old from a track where a boxcar was about to roll into him. The grateful father, J.U. MacKenzie, taught Edison railroad telegraphy as a reward. That winter, he took a job as a telegraph operator in Port Huron. In the meantime, he continued his scientific experiments on the side. Between 1863 and 1867, Edison migrated from city to city in the United States, taking available telegraph jobs. Love of Invention In 1868, Edison moved to Boston where he worked in the Western Union office and worked even more on inventing things. In January 1869 Edison resigned from his job, intending to devote himself full time to inventing things. His first invention to receive a patent was the electric vote recorder, in June 1869. Daunted by politicians reluctance to use the machine, he decided that in the future he would not waste time inventing things that no one wanted. Edison moved to New York City in the middle of 1869. A friend, Franklin L. Pope, allowed Edison to sleep in a room where he worked, Samuel Laws Gold Indicator Company. When Edison managed to fix a broken machine there, he was hired to maintain and improve the printer machines. During the next period of his life, Edison became involved in multiple projects and partnerships dealing with the telegraph. In October 1869, Edison joined with Franklin L. Pope and James Ashley to form the organization Pope, Edison and Co. They advertised themselves as electrical engineers and constructors of electrical devices. Edison received several patents for improvements to the telegraph. The partnership merged with the Gold and Stock Telegraph Co. in 1870. American Telegraph Works Edison also established the Newark Telegraph Works in Newark, New Jersey, with William Unger to manufacture stock printers. He formed the American Telegraph Works to work on developing an automatic telegraph later in the year. In 1874 he began to work on a multiplex telegraphic system for Western Union, ultimately developing a quadruplex telegraph, which could send two messages simultaneously in both directions. When Edison sold his patent rights to the quadruplex to the rival Atlantic Pacific Telegraph Co., a series of court battles followed- which Western Union won. Besides other telegraph inventions, he also developed an electric pen in 1875. Marriage and Family His personal life during this period also brought much change. Edisons mother died in 1871, and he married his former employee Mary Stilwell on Christmas Day that same year. While Edison loved his wife, their relationship was fraught with difficulties, primarily his preoccupation with work and her constant illnesses. Edison would often sleep in the lab and spent much of his time with his male colleagues. Nevertheless, their first child Marion was born in February 1873, followed by a son, Thomas, Jr., in January 1876. Edison nicknamed the two Dot and Dash, referring to telegraphic terms. A third child, William Leslie, was born in October 1878. Mary died in 1884, perhaps of cancer or the morphine prescribed to her to treat it. Edison married again: his second wife was Mina Miller, the daughter of Ohio industrialist Lewis Miller, who founded the Chautauqua Foundation. They married on February 24, 1886, and had three children, Madeleine (born 1888), Charles (1890), and Theodore Miller Edison (1898). Menlo Park Edison opened a new laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey, in 1876. This site later become known as an invention factory, since they worked on several different inventions at any given time there. Edison would conduct numerous experiments to find answers to problems. He said, I never quit until I get what Im after. Negative results are just what Im after. They are just as valuable to me as positive results. Edison liked to work long hours and expected much from his employees. In 1879, after considerable experimentation and based on 70 years work of several other inventors, Edison invented a carbon filament that would burn for 40 hours- the first practical incandescent lightbulb. While Edison had neglected further work on the phonograph, others had moved forward to improve it. In particular, Chichester Bell and Charles Sumner Tainter developed an improved machine that used a wax cylinder and a floating stylus, which they called a graphophone. They sent representatives to Edison to discuss a possible partnership on the machine, but Edison refused to collaborate with them, feeling that the phonograph was his invention alone. With this competition, Edison was stirred into action and resumed his work on the phonograph in 1887. Edison eventually adopted methods similar to Bell and Tainters in his phonograph. Phonograph Companies The phonograph was initially marketed as a business dictation machine. Entrepreneur Jesse H. Lippincott acquired control of most of the phonograph companies, including Edisons, and set up the North American Phonograph Co. in 1888. The business did not prove profitable, and when Lippincott fell ill, Edison took over the management. In 1894, the North American Phonograph Co. went into bankruptcy, a move which allowed Edison to buy back the rights to his invention. In 1896, Edison started the National Phonograph Co. with the intent of making phonographs for home amusement. Over the years, Edison made improvements to the phonograph and to the cylinders which were played on them, the early ones being made of wax. Edison introduced an unbreakable cylinder record, named the Blue Amberol, at roughly the same time he entered the disc phonograph market in 1912. The introduction of an Edison disc was in reaction to the overwhelming popularity of discs on the market in contrast to cylinders. Touted as being superior to the competitions records, the Edison discs were designed to be played only on Edison phonographs and were cut laterally as opposed to vertically. The success of the Edison phonograph business, though, was always hampered by the companys reputation of choosing lower-quality recording acts. In the 1920s, competition from radio caused the business to sour, and the Edison disc business ceased production in 1929. Ore-Milling and Cement Another Edison interest was an ore milling process that would extract various metals from ore. In 1881, he formed the Edison Ore-Milling Co., but the venture proved fruitless as there was no market for it. He returned to the project in 1887, thinking that his process could help the mostly depleted Eastern mines compete with the Western ones. In 1889, the New Jersey and Pennsylvania Concentrating Works was formed, and Edison became absorbed by its operations and began to spend much time away from home at the mines in Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Although he invested much money and time into this project, it proved unsuccessful when the market went down, and additional sources of ore in the Midwest were found. Edison also became involved in promoting the use of cement and formed the Edison Portland Cement Co. in 1899. He tried to promote the widespread use of cement for the construction of low-cost homes and envisioned alternative uses for concrete in the manufacture of phonographs, furniture, refrigerators, and pianos. Unfortunately, Edison was ahead of his time with these ideas, as the widespread use of concrete proved economically unfeasible at that time. Motion Pictures In 1888, Edison met Eadweard Muybridge at West Orange and viewed Muybridges Zoopraxiscope. This machine used a circular disc with still photographs of the successive phases of movement around the circumference to recreate the illusion of movement. Edison declined to work with Muybridge on the device and decided to work on his motion picture camera at his laboratory. As Edison put it in a caveat written the same year, I am experimenting upon an instrument which does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear. The task of inventing the machine fell to Edisons associate William K. L. Dickson. Dickson initially experimented with a cylinder-based device for recording images, before turning to a celluloid strip. In October 1889, Dickson greeted Edisons return from Paris with a new device that projected pictures and contained sound. After more work, patent applications were made in 1891 for a motion picture camera, called a Kinetograph, and a Kinetoscope, a motion picture peephole viewer. Kinetoscope parlors opened in New York and soon spread to other major cities during 1894. In 1893, a motion picture studio, later dubbed the Black Maria (the slang name for a police paddy wagon which the studio resembled), was opened at the West Orange complex. Short films were produced using a variety of acts of the day. Edison was reluctant to develop a motion picture projector, feeling that more profit was to be made with the peephole viewers. When Dickson assisted competitors on developing another peephole motion picture device and the eidoscope projection system, later to develop into the Mutoscope, he was fired. Dickson went on to form the American Mutoscope Co. along with Harry Marvin, Herman Casler, and Elias Koopman. Edison subsequently adopted a projector developed by Thomas Armat and Charles Francis Jenkins and renamed it the Vitascope and marketed it under his name. The Vitascope premiered on April 23, 1896, to great acclaim. Patent Battles Competition from other motion picture companies soon created heated legal battles between them and Edison over patents. Edison sued many companies for infringement. In 1909, the formation of the Motion Picture Patents Co. brought a degree of cooperation to the various companies who were given licenses in 1909, but in 1915, the courts found the company to be an unfair monopoly. In 1913, Edison experimented with synchronizing sound to film. A Kinetophone was developed by his laboratory and synchronized sound on a phonograph cylinder to the picture on a screen. Although this initially brought interest, the system was far from perfect and disappeared by 1915. By 1918, Edison ended his involvement in the motion picture field. In 1911, Edisons companies were re-organized into Thomas A. Edison, Inc. As the organization became more diversified and structured, Edison became less involved in the day-to-day operations, although he still had some decision-making authority. The goals of the organization became more to maintain market viability than to produce new inventions frequently. A fire broke out at the West Orange laboratory in 1914, destroying 13 buildings. Although the loss was great, Edison spearheaded the rebuilding of the lot. World War I When Europe became involved in World War I, Edison advised preparedness and felt that technology would be the future of war. He was named the head of the Naval Consulting Board in 1915, an attempt by the government to bring science into its defense program. Although mainly an advisory board, it was instrumental in the formation of a laboratory for the Navy that opened in 1923. During the war, Edison spent much of his time doing naval research, particularly on submarine detection, but he felt the Navy was not receptive to many of his inventions and suggestions. Health Issues In the 1920s, Edisons health became worse and he began to spend more time at home with his wife. His relationship with his children was distant, although Charles was president of Thomas A. Edison, Inc. While Edison continued to experiment at home, he could not perform some experiments that he wanted to at his West Orange laboratory because the board would not approve them. One project that held his fascination during this period was the search for an alternative to rubber. Death and Legacy Henry Ford, an admirer and a friend of Edisons, reconstructed Edisons invention factory as a museum at Greenfield Village, Michigan, which opened during the 50th anniversary of Edisons electric light in 1929. The main celebration of Lights Golden Jubilee, co-hosted by Ford and General Electric, took place in Dearborn along with a huge celebratory dinner in Edisons honor attended by notables such as President Hoover, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., George Eastman, Marie Curie, and Orville Wright. Edisons health, however, had declined to the point that he could not stay for the entire ceremony. During the last two years of his life, a series of ailments caused his health to decline even more until he lapsed into a coma on October 14, 1931. He died on October 18, 1931, at his estate, Glenmont, in West Orange, New Jersey. Sources Israel, Paul. Edison: A Life of Invention. New York, Wiley, 2000.Josephson, Matthew. Edison: A Biography. New York, Wiley, 1992.Stross, Randall E. The Wizard of Menlo Park: How Thomas Alva Edison Invented the Modern World. New York: Three Rivers Press, 2007.

Risk management case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Risk management case - Essay Example A table would be a suitable way to present your answers, with columns for the risks, the strategy and the type of strategy For such company as XYZ Ltd that specializes in technological devices for customers with visual impairment, risks in project implementation can be associated with its planning, cooperation with the provider of services, TECHNO Company in particular, the quality of components chosen by TECHNO and risk of losing potential customers due to the high competition in this sphere. Raz, Shenhar and Dvir (2002) consider that project risks are characterized by undesired events such as delays, excessive spending or unsatisfactory project results. Hence, for XYZ Ltd if the project planning in terms of developing of new watch would contain difficulties in using a new specific feature of voice recognition by the customers with certain disabilities, that will create the risk of usefulness of the entire project. For that purpose an advantage will be in arranging the watch the way to be easy in use by people with visual impairment. Despite the fact that in the present many techniques and suggestions were introduced for project execution, there are still gaps from various perspectives, which require managers to be responsible for making a progress of project (Razaque, Bach, Salama & Alotaibi, 2012). For XYZ Ltd, such approach is given to the third company-provider, TECHNO, which is responsible for developing of innovative speech recognition component using cheaper technology. The risk here is that while cooperating with TECHNO, XYZ can lose customers in other products if the new watch technology will be developed by TECHNO in the wrong way and the needs of customers will not be expected. As the main strategy of managing such risk can be tracking and combining of efforts of both companies in order to develop a good product. The other risk from XYZ Ltd perspective can be associated with the quality

Ethical dilemma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Ethical dilemma - Essay Example This is an ethical problem because the patient comes from an Orthodox Jewish family. This family’s denial of a pig’s xenograft is well understood since Orthodox Jews consider pigs unclean. It is impossible to solicit the patient’s wish is untenable since he is one year shy of the legal age, on the one hand. On the other hand, to listen to the parents’ adamant stand may prove to be catastrophic to the patient due to absence of synthetic ileums and the essence of time. The ileum of the pig is the only available option and transferring the patient to another state for treatment is prolonging the patient’s predicament and endangering his health. This is especially because the gangrene may spread to the rest of the patient’s digestive system. This is not necessarily an ethical dilemma. The patient’s parents can be called to the hospital and sat down for consultation and persuasion. In the event that the parents adamantly stick to their religious compunctions, the hospital will easily release the patient out of its custody, so that his parents can seek for a better alternative in another hospital. It is not up to the hospital to decide for the patient or the patient’s family on what is good for him after all. Again, carrying out surgical intervention on the client will not necessarily be going against the power of attorney’s decision. According to Karadag and Hakan, the principles of modern bioethics are non-maleficence, beneficence, justice and respect to autonomy. However, there are situations when upholding these principles becomes subject to ethical dilemma. A case in point herein is a treatable mentally unsound patient, Mark who has had a bout of testicular torsion. Doctors have unsuccessfully tried to manually rotate the testis back to its position, thereby prompting the need for surgical intervention (Karadag & Hakan, 8-9). In the case above, there is an ethical dilemma since respect to autonomy

Explore the ways in which Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth and Browning presents the speakers in Porphyria’s Lover, My Last Duchess and the Laboratory Essay Example for Free

Explore the ways in which Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth and Browning presents the speakers in Porphyria’s Lover, My Last Duchess and the Laboratory Essay Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth in such a way that she is shown as a strong and powerful woman. Her ability to manipulate Macbeth to murder Duncan in order to get more power is a key example of this aspect of her character. Browning also presents his speakers in a similar way to Shakespeare through their need to control. The main way that both authors achieve this is through the use of language. Techniques such as rhyming couplets and semantic fields are used to emphasise the control that the characters have or want to achieve. Additionally, a range of imagery is used throughout all of the texts, allowing the reader to gain an understanding of the characters. In their writing Shakespeare and Browning don’t follow the general patriarchal society which makes the murders so horrific and odd as women weren’t generally thought of as thinking of murder or committing a murder. Lady Macbeth tries to gain power by pushing Macbeth to murder Duncan, when she says she would have ‘dash’d the brains out, had [she] so sworn as [Macbeth]/ [Has] done to this’. This shows Lady Macbeth using horrific imagery to manipulate Macbeth into murdering Duncan as she is saying if she would ‘das[h]’ the brains out of her own child, he should be able to murder Duncan. Lady Macbeth wants to be more masculine so she feels more superior to Macbeth. Lady Macbeth uses violent imagery, which proposes that she isn’t the stereotypical woman that society suggests. The phrase ‘das[h] the brains out of her own child’ shows she is prepared to do anything to gain power. In the 17th century women were seen as nurturing and caring so to be thinking about murdering her own child would be seen as horrific. In a similar way Browning’s poem ‘The Laboratory’ also uses a variety of imagery; however here he particularly focuses on the imagery of death. The use of an exclamation mark at the end of ‘And Pauline should have just thirty minutes to live!’ shows the speaker is excited at the prospect of murdering her partner’s mistress as it is as though she is speaking in a loud or excited tone. The use of imagery ‘just thirty minutes’ shows that she likes the  pressure and the short time scale for murder. By doing this it emphasises the woman’s psychotic behaviour as women were generally not meant to even be thinking about murder never mind excited for it. In all three of Browning’s poems the speakers use self-justification for their actions. In ‘Porphyria’s Lover’ the speaker justifies murdering his lover. When the speakers says ‘From pride, and vainer ties dissever,/ And give herself to me forever,’ he justifies murdering his lover; he believes that, because she is a higher class than him, she cannot truly love him and is too proud to be with him. As there was no proof that the woman was going to love him he is using his deluded personality as an excuse for murdering her. In a similar way in ‘The Laboratory’ the killer also uses self-justification. The speaker describes ‘The soul from those masculine eyes’. This shows the speaker criticizing the enemy to make it look more acceptable that she is murdering someone. In society a woman is not generally thought of as a murderer, so by her describing the victim as a ‘masculine’ person she is trying to make her a ctions reasonable. Shakespeare and Browning both use semantic field of love and death with Browning particularly focusing on possession in ‘Porphyria’s Lover’. When the speaker says ‘she was mine, mine’ he implies he loves her so much that he wants to kill her so that no one else can have her. This is showing the speaker’s narcissist personality because he would rather her be dead so she can’t be with anyone else. This is similar to Shakespeare’s work as Lady Macbeth and Macbeth see the power as their possession. An example of semantic field of death in Macbeth is when Lady Macbeth says ‘who should against the murderer shit the door’. This contrasts with the semantic field of love in Macbeth. Through this juxtaposition, Shakespeare shows that lady Macbeth is willing to use her love as a means to manipulate Macbeth; she will use her love to control him, no matter what the cost. In both Macbeth and Browning’s ‘The Laboratory’, the speakers use masks, both literal and metaphorical, to cover up their psychotic behaviour. An example of this is in ‘The Laboratory’ where the speaker says ‘Now that I, tying thy glass mask tightly.’ Here, her mind is becoming fragmented and she is  literally hiding herself from others as she protects herself from the fumes. In Macbeth Lady Macbeth urges Macbeth to put the mask of a murderer back on- ‘Was the hope drunk/Wherein you’d dress yourself?’ –which suggests Macbeth is feeling guilty. If he adopts a faà §ade he’ll be able to kill without feeling remorse and no one will suspect them. This also implies that they are hiding their true personality and putting on a mask to hide what they are really going to do. People today still put on an act to hide their true feelings; Shakespeare and Browning’s texts allow the modern audience to relate t o this universal concept. Browning and Shakespeare both present their speakers as mentally disturbed but use rhyming couplets as a way to create stability to cover up their true personality. In ‘The Laboratory’ the speaker and her motivations are seen as troubling and sinister so using rhyming couplets, which creates a predictable pattern acts as an attempt to mask their true personality; the pattern attempts to impose a structure in her life. Browning also uses rhyming couplets in ‘My Last Duchess’ to also create stability to mask the speakers deranged personality; the couplets are limited, as is the Duchess’s life, so it suggests that the Duke has a level of structural control although he was unable to control her behaviour. In a similar way Shakespeare also uses rhyming couplets but uses them to show lady Macbeth’s firmness of decision: ‘Away, the mock the time with fairest show:/False face must hide what the false heart, doth know.’ Here Macbeth has giv en into Lady Macbeth’s persuasion and had made his final decision on murdering Duncan. Using rhyming couplets seems misplaced as they are orderly yet a murder isn’t. Shakespeare was influenced by The Gunpowder Plot as the link between Guy Fawkes’s plan to kill the king and Lady Macbeth’s idea to kill King Duncan was very similar in a way that it was unnatural to kill the king and go against what God has chosen. Shakespeare shows Lady Macbeth thinking and talking about murder; Browning also uses a woman as a murderer in ‘The Laboratory’. Both authors use women to show how horrific the murder really is, as women were seen as caring, mother figures who were automatically seen as kind and loving- so for women to be thinking of murder shows their psychotic personality and rebellion  against social expectations. An example of this is when Lady Macbeth says ‘unsex me here,’ which shows Lady Macbeth wanting to become more masculine, so she will be more capable of murder. By Shakespeare presenting Lady Macbeth in this way shows us that Lady Macbeth is capable of anything which is seen as unusual because women weren’t generally seen as being able to do a lot of things men were. Another example of this concept is in ‘The Laboratory’ when the speaker says ‘Sure to taste sweetly. This shows that the speaker finds pleasure in murdering someone. The speakers in ‘My Last Duchess’ and Lady Macbeth are both controlling and possessive. In ‘My Last Duchess’ the speaker says the metaphor ‘Taming a sea-horse.’ which suggests that the Duke has a controlling personality as it is like he is treating the Duchess as a slave and modelling her into what he wants her to be. The Duke shows he is controlling possessive as he says ‘That’s my last Duchess painted on the wall’; by using the possessive ‘my’ the Duke show us his true personality as he is saying the Duchess was, and still is, his. An example of possessiveness from Macbeth is ‘Only look up clear;†¦leave the rest to me.’ This shows Lady Macbeth being assertive and taking charge showing us her controlling and manipulative personality. By doing this it shows us that Lady Macbeth is the one who was the most power hungry as she is taking control and sorting everything out; it also shows that Macbet h is quite timid when it comes to Lady Macbeth because he just follows her orders. As women were seen as weaker than men, Lady Macbeth has to use Macbeth to get what she wants. In conclusion both Browning and Shakespeare present the characters as powerful and manipulative. Browning uses pronouns in both ‘The Laboratory’ and ‘My Last Duchess’ in order to show the relationships between the characters. Shakespeare also uses role reversal as he uses a woman telling a man what to do instead of the other way around; this could therefore be seen as subverting traditional gender roles. In this century a woman telling a man what to do is not seen as unusual but in the 17th century it wasn’t seen as the standard thing.

Impressions Gained of Pips Character from Great Expectations Essay

Impressions Gained of Pip's Character from Great Expectations 'Pip' is very much a child in the the first chapter. However, it is Pip narrating it as an adult ( retrospective narrator). You know he is a child by his 'childish' thoughts and his rather odd imagination. He manages to come up with the 'childish conclusion' that his father is a 'square, stout, dark man, with curly hair' just by looking at his fathers tombstone. Also, that his mother was 'freckled and sickly'. It is quite bizarre that Pip has managed to conjour up that idea from a tombstone. I think Dickens has done this to prove a childs nieve, yet wild imagination. I think Pip tries to trace his parents or identify them this way just so he can feel placed in the world and so he can feel he fits in. He also does this to find out who he is and a bit about himself and his family. Pip also feels for his family very much, even though he never knew them, not even a photograph as 'their days were long before the days of photographs'. Dickens uses words like 'mine' or the repeated word 'family'. This proves t... Impressions Gained of Pip's Character from Great Expectations Essay Impressions Gained of Pip's Character from Great Expectations 'Pip' is very much a child in the the first chapter. However, it is Pip narrating it as an adult ( retrospective narrator). You know he is a child by his 'childish' thoughts and his rather odd imagination. He manages to come up with the 'childish conclusion' that his father is a 'square, stout, dark man, with curly hair' just by looking at his fathers tombstone. Also, that his mother was 'freckled and sickly'. It is quite bizarre that Pip has managed to conjour up that idea from a tombstone. I think Dickens has done this to prove a childs nieve, yet wild imagination. I think Pip tries to trace his parents or identify them this way just so he can feel placed in the world and so he can feel he fits in. He also does this to find out who he is and a bit about himself and his family. Pip also feels for his family very much, even though he never knew them, not even a photograph as 'their days were long before the days of photographs'. Dickens uses words like 'mine' or the repeated word 'family'. This proves t...

Recruitment Policy Essay

This policy defines how an organisation intents to do or act when recruiting its employees. It guides management on issues to do with recruitment and ensures that there is consistency in recruitment decisions and procedures. It defines when the recruitment is going to be done and also the source of the candidates for recruitment. The policy also outlines the methods of recruitment and the contents of the job advert. The recruitment policy states the composition of a team of people responsible for the selection of the ideal candidates as well as the selection techniques to be used. This company recruits employees when need arises, that is when there is a job vacancy as a result of resignation, death or growth of the organisation where new positions emerge. The company uses external sources of recruitment such as vocational training centres, the open labour market as well as its competitors. The company uses advertising in the newspaper and employee referrals as its methods of recruitment. The job advert in the newspaper contains the company identification, job summary, key duties, date of assumption of duty, the closing date for applications, the application procedure and the contact details of the organisation. The selection team will consist of the General Manager and the supervisor of the department in which the candidate will be working in as well as senior management. The company will mainly use personality tests and assessment centres as selection tests. The company is an equal opportunity employer and intents to accord equal opportunities to all applicants irrespective of sex, race, creed, or marital status in issues relating to recruitment in accordance with the equal opportunity policy. On issues relating to recruitment, management should use this policy as a guideline so as to ensure consistency and equity in their decisions. Any recruitment decisions which are made without following this policy will be deemed as invalid. This policy applies to all employees and the General Manager is the responsible authority for making sure that it is followed.

Development of a Multinational Personnel Selection System

Mr Koch works as an expatriate in Hong Kong for ComInTec AG & Co. He was working for the company in the HR department for 17 years and since three years he is the HR director. One day he got the assignment to form a cross functional project team in the high profitable APAC States. The company strive to establish a new regional management level in Asia. A new personnel selection system had to be developed internally. In further consequence 25 middle management positions were expected to be filled the region. For the recruiting process the company hired own recruiters as well as head hunters.Furthermore, 90% of the new management positions were filled by individuals from the country they would be working. The process bases on three pillars: First, the application documents had to be analyzed. In a next step structured interviews were conducted by a HR specialist and a department representative. If both came to a positive conclusion, the candidate would come to an individual competence centre to point out his competences. The procedure was conducted by an external consulting company. Koch found some faults in the individual assessment centre for several years.To develop a new system, Koch formed a team of local and headquarters staff. Though the group was very heterogenic what implied some problems in the past. At the end of the process the situation escalated so that came under high time pressure, which was especially true for Koch. Recently he got a call from Koenig, the founder and owner of the company. Koenig is a little more accommodating person with precise expectations to his employees. He gave Koch an ultimatum to finalize the new recruiting system at the end of the week. So Koch had to relate the expectations of Koenig with the results and imaginations of his team in three days.Therefore Koch convened a meeting with the whole project team and a guest from the headquarter. In previous meetings there were some cultural misconceptions especially between the German and the Chinese. Especially Mueller had no sense for cultural differences in discussion situations. The meeting started 30 minutes later due to a long call of Koenig, so that Koch came to late and the pressure even became higher. He urged the group only to present results. At the beginning the Chinese colleagues introduced the topic of the diagnose dimensions and proposed their opinion to this. Mueller encountered in a very typical German behaviour.So the Chinese was intimidated by her German colleague. She signalled that she did not dare to say anything further. Mueller tried to question the approaches of the Chinese colleagues. So he disgruntles more and more the Chinese colleagues with the result that they back down more and more. The conference was getting more and more tense. Koch did not moderate the meeting very well. Sometimes he lost his patience and interrupted ongoing discussions and fixed a point very sudden. In other situations he gave no concrete feedback about the presented content especially referring the Chinese colleagues.He was obviously not very content with the Chinese approach to consider cultural differences in such a detailed way. In the further time of the meeting Mueller showed once more in a situation that he had no sense for a mutually respectful interaction. He referred to an objection by a German colleague as nonsense. He furthermore stressed that the professors from whom she learned that, had little idea of the reality. The German colleague left the meeting in tears. A Chinese colleague followed her with the intention of calming her down. This was when the meeting definitively failed.Koch interrupted the meeting and gave a final overview about the next working steps till Friday. He imposes the trainees to finalize the records very soon. Koch said that he will finalize any unresolved issue. Furthermore, he decided that he would make the decisions’ on resolved issues by himself and include them into the report. After Koch finalized the report and sent it to Koenig, he later received a short notice of Koenig. He informed him that important basic conditions and necessary adoptions had not been taken into considerations sufficiently in the new multinational personal selection system.Most of these conditions and adoptions were worked out very well by the group but not considered enough in his report due of the bad meeting climate, his lack of facilitation skills and his impatience. Koch neglected to create a positive climate and a sense for cultural differences in the further team meetings, when time was not getting so short. The result of all this was that Koenig had handed the case over to the global headquarters and that there would be staff related consequences for his department in Hong Kong. 2. What strengths and what shortcomings do you see in the newly developed multinational personnel selection system?Justify your answer. The new selection system contains less consideration of cultural back grounds. This leads to a better international comparability but not to a better job-fit. For instance, the unified procedure of analyzing the application documents can contain some problems. Each country has its own unique economic and education situations. Which would become problematic when creating an universal personnel selection system. Regarding to the following structured interviews unification should be considered. In my opinion there should be an international comparability.Furthermore, a good indicator is if the candidates meet basic requirements to work for an international company. A standardized system basically avoids high costs caused by special staff and infrastructure. But you have to be very carefully where you use standardized systems. For instance, if you use global standardized systems in a national competence centre you can fail. In the long run some other costs will rise because of not considering special cultural features (question 3). Therefore, especially i n the competence centres the cultural background should find enough consideration.I therefore support Dai Wei’s approach. He places an emphasis on the special cultural backgrounds of the candidates. Furthermore he wants to integrate translators into the assessment centres to entirely focus on the candidate’s profession. Summarized it is very important to consider the cultural differences also in the competence centres in the single country. But they have to focus on the professional and not on interpersonal competences in the competence centres. Regarding to this it is very important to deploy the right people in the competence centres.Referring to the feedback discussion I tend to the view of Mueller. While it is important to provide a good feedback to the candidates, but in view of the need of cost reduction I think the existing system suffice. Conclusion: A main weak point is the fact that most standardized personnel selection system ignore cultural differences and culture specific circumstances. 3. What long term implications do the weaknesses impose on the company? If the company don’t consider the cultural differences the company would have to challenge a high fluctuation in the APAC subsidiaries.Due that the recruiting costs will rise because of a worse job-fit rate. Furthermore, it would take a long time to run the APAC market well. This means high losses for short term and can lead to painful setbacks in the Asia-Pacific region. 4. If you were asked to consult with the project team, what would you recommend to them? Obvious team conflicts must be clear clarified by the team leader when they occur the first time. In the final meeting it is definitely too late. It makes sense to organize a workshop regarding to aspects of cultural differences in advance.At the beginning the team have to set common rules in dealing with each other, that are accepted by all participants, and to which the team leader can appeal for violations. Furtherm ore, the team leader should collect once a commitment by all in terms of the key points (and APAC headquarters). Subsequently he should try to find step by step a consensus on the future configuration of the modules and national priorities. So step by step, the new procedures are designed and prepared. In my opinion a professional project manager should accompany the process in case of such an important decision.This expert should also have special social skills and knowledge about the cultural features as well. Obviously Mr. Koch had a lack of such skills. CEO and CFO positions should be first fitted by expatriates of headquarter. Thus, they safeguard a good control over the subsidiary and a good communication with headquarter in the first years. All other positions should be fitted as good as possible with regional staff. If the subsidiary works well over some years and the regional staff meets all the requirements a regional occupation of CEO and CFO position could be conceivable .5. How would you describe Koch’s attitudes and behaviors? Koch had prejudices against Chinese colleagues and found it difficult to understand their culture. He was under immense pressure. It was very difficult for him to bring the necessary energy for the delicate situation. Although initially he tried to create a more open climate for discussion, but relatively soon he had to interrupt the discussion and had to try to fix the â€Å"hard facts†. He knew that he had to finalize the system until Friday. Finally, he acted similarly in the meeting as his boss.He also ignores cultural differences, with the result that the Chinese team members withdraw more and more. 6. What influences do Koch’s attitudes and behaviors have on the work atmosphere and coordination of his cross-cultural team? What would you recommend to improve the cross-cultural teamwork of this group? He lost the engagement of his Chinese colleagues because he did not show sensitivity to their cultur e. Furthermore, he ignored team conflicts and didn’t moderate the meeting well. He also allowed a relatively rough handling in the group.Subsequently this lead to the escalating (Goldmann leaves the room in tears). Without doing anything he continued in the agenda. As result he had not a team but some small coalitions they worked against each other. Furthermore he failed to gain control of Mueller. As outlined above, I would recommend organizing a workshop regarding to aspects of cultural differences in advance. It should be the first step in a team building process. Referring to the lack of social and cultural skills of Koch I would recommend to engage an extern expert for such a workshop.7. What influence does the relationship between Koch and Koenig and the organizational culture established by Koenig have over Koch’s behavior and the team’s collaboration? Koch knows so far very well how do deal with Koenig. He knows exactly what results he has to deliver and on which issues he has to stress on. But he is obviously overwhelmed with the cultural challenges in his group. So Koch passes the pressure of Koenig on the team. He fails to establish a productive atmosphere in the group and pressure the group to force a conclusion.Accordingly, it looks. He transfers the corporate culture without regard to losses on the team. 8. Would such a personnel selection system work in your organization? Why or why not? In my organization such a personnel selection system should work on a first view. But my organization is a public organization and solely active in Austria and in a broader context in the European Union and third every office recruits its own employees separately. Therefore, we have no international subsidiaries. But there are Regional Management Offices all over Europe.Every international regional management works independent from other countries and is under national control. The only common issue is that we have to cooperate transnational and have to comply with European specifications from Brussels. So we definitely do not have the same conditions like ComInTec AG & Co. Suppose that the entire personal selection will be done by an HR headquarter in Brussels a comparable system will not work at least. The employees in the national subsidiaries need to have a strong sense of the culture and a huge knowledge about special cultural norms and values.Furthermore, speaking countries’ specific language is much more important than even perfect English skills. For the first stations of the selection the system fits very well. Which consists primarily of viewing application documents. First problems may arise at telephone conferences if they will not be conducted in the candidates’ mother tongue. Latest in the competence centre the cultural background of the candidates must find maximum consideration. To cooperate and work with regional stakeholder best the managers must have a broad knowledge about the cultural features.

Fairness Minimum Wage and Fairness

Fairness Minimum Wage and Fairness Fairness: Minimum Wage and Fairness- Thomas Sowell Essay Fairness- Thomas Sowell From what I understood from Thomas Sowell article is that fairness is a word that "has done the most damage to people's thinking, and to actions to carry out that thinking". That fairness is a restriction for people and a massive advantage for politicians. Sowell expresses that to believe that theirs fairness in "odds for achieving success", that our life is nowhere near of being fair. Not only did he give examples of things we think are fair which aren't, he also implied that we all have a different meaning of fairness, I never thought of it that way but we do. I agree with Sowell's article because he is stating the truth and he gave examples that had me rethink about the definition. I use to think fairness is equal, to be same in all ways; but that's my own definition, fair may be a whole different meaning to you. Now I think it has no definition that it’s a "want". There are things in life that may be fair but when you take a closer look, it may not be; for example the division of a box of pizza, say theirs twelve slices and four people so you would fairly divide it by the four and each would get three slices. Now that is fair, but then there’s always that one person that says â€Å"that slice is bigger than this one†, now the slices are cut equally and the four people don’t have an equal nor fair amount of pizza. There is something that I believe exhibits fairness; various types of music, I believe that it’s fair to have a variety of music so that everyone has something that they enjoy listening to. Now would I say my definition is valid? Of course, we all can have a different opinion to what â€Å"fair† is but fairness is usually something you desire. Now I think that minimum wage should be twelve dollars for all people, but you say it should stay at eight. Well it’s not fair for both of us to decide. Minimum wage should be set by the people and if that were the case we wouldn’t receive an answer because everyone wants something different. I will always try to be fair, but it isn’t easy. I believe in order to be fair, you need to find out what it means to everyone, and then have to consider what people want and how you provide everyone something they want equally to all. That will take too much time. Society and government should work on what fair is, but it may take them awhile, and that’s not a problem waiting for. Once we figure out what fair is as one definition of all opinions, then we can start talking about what’s we want and believe is fair. psychologytoday.com/blog/am-i-right/201205/its-not-fair-what-is-fairness youtube.com/watch?v=V2nvaTLVQKk Greed- Milton Freidman Greed in my opinion is the rapid desire of something. We live and make decisions with the help of greed; it is a win and lose game. Freidman believes

Burning Chrome An Analysis

Burning Chrome An Analysis The story is about Bobby, Jack and Rikki. Bobby is an expert hacker specializing in software while Jack is the same but specializes in hardware. The story begins in Bobby’s loft, the two men huddling together in an attempt to hack into a system that will make them rich beyond their wildest dreams.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Burning Chrome: An Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More At the end of their struggle they were triumphant in the biggest score of their young lives but they paid a terrible price for it. Interestingly, they were regular hackers who were content in making money but not more than enough that they will get caught, at the end they wanted to get rich quick because they know that they are getting older and slower but more importantly because they are in-love with the same woman but only Jack knows about it. Character and Commentary The main characters: Bobby, Jack and Rikki went through a major change in their personality and in their worldview and how they tried to deal with the sudden transformation of their individual lives. Although they have different backgrounds, Bobby seemed a true-blooded nerd who always loved computers while Jack seems the more adventurous type who happens to also like computers and its ability to make money without going through the rigors of the rat race. Rikki on the other hand can be compared to a girl who came from the boondocks and content to enjoy life and focused not in the more serious side of life but in how she can buy the things that she believes are important to her. All came from different starting points but they are converging into one goal and one place – they are willing to go deep into cyberspace to make a great deal of money doing something very risky because they believe that striking it rich is the only way that they can be happy. In their intertwined lives of Bobby, Jack, and Rikki, the author – Willia m Gibson – was given a platform to talk about the problems faced by young men and women who had to deal with the same anxieties and desires as the people of an earlier generation but this time around they had to do it with the advent of new technology that is both difficult and scary to deal with. This is also a reflection of the impact of modern technology to the lives of the young as they grapple with new ways to survive and thrive in a world controlled by things that are very powerful and yet unseen and misunderstood.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The characters in the story depicted the kind of lifestyle evident in the post-modern world. Bobby is someone who has great talent and he is able to bend the rules because of that talent and yet he is lost. In the past, society was predictable. Parents would aspire their children to be physicians, lawyers, eng ineers, accountants, etc. and the moment this decision was made the children will conform to the dictates of society, partially because they also have the same values and they have the same goals and also partially because they are also afraid of the backlash of rebelling against these norms. In the post-modern world however there are alternative ways to make a great deal of money and there area also alternative ways to gain the respect of people. Bobby, Jack and Rikki may not possess the credentials and the pedigree that would have given them access to Wall Street or some glitzy establishment that will ensure them not only of a fat paycheck but the adoration of the crowd, and yet they have the power to experience the lifestyle of the rich and famous even if they technically do not posses the means. This is their dilemma; they live in the grey area of society. They are not criminals based on the ancient way of interpreting what a crime is and what is the typical profile of a law bre aker. This is because they commit crimes without even leaving their homes and without serious physical exertion except the slight movement of the hands and the fingers to type certain key phrases, keywords and passwords. In the beginning Bobby was the picture of confidence and skill but at the end he was reduced to someone who cannot function without the things that he can use either it is liquor or women. In the beginning Jack was seen as an able partner, an equally talented intrusion specialist like Bobby but as the story progresses the reader sees more and more of his stump, his hand was cut-off some time ago and this has given him an insecurity that is hard to explain but painful nonetheless especially when it comes to his love for Rikki. At the end of the story the reader witnessed a complete transformation in their lives. Bobby who was supposed to be always in control was revealed to be a person controlled by lust. Jack who at first was seen as a very capable man was slowly se en as a man struggling with a handicap. He was a one-armed man who felt that there are so many things that he cannot do.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Burning Chrome: An Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More His love for Rikki was the ultimate proof that he could not live life without Bobby for he will only love the things and the people that Bobby loves. He ended being with him, used like a crutch, instead of being with the person that he loves and the things that he really wanted to do and accomplish in life. Human Problem and Human Solution According to Theodore Sturgeon a science fiction story is built around human beings and therefore the fictionalized narrative with futuristic setting and mind-boggling technology are just there as a backdrop for something that is more important than the material realm; it is just the foundation used to build up a story about a human problem and a human solution. The stor y â€Å"Burning Chrome† is replete with gadgets and technology but these were all just smokescreens because at the heart of the story was the struggle of two men. They knew that they are not going anywhere socially and economically speaking. It is a struggle faced by many people. There are just so many people out there who cannot move forward and feels like they have no choice but to simply stagnate. There is also the all too familiar conflict between two friends, they complement each other like cookies and cream, like coffee and sugar but they are also so much different. They use different methods on how to accomplishing things and yet they are also so like-minded that they can finish each others sentences. And finally they are so close that they even ended up loving the same woman. This is the conflict of the story, two people who are inseparable because they create perfect music together and yet circumstances in their lives dictate that they had to part ways. Gibson create d a story that is similar to those found in Greek tragedy. Two people, that the audience can consider to be brothers had to destroy each other to realize their dreams and to fulfill their desires, but the woman of their dreams are not even interested in them, she is only there because of the action, the thrill and the things that she can get from them. Dealing with the Alien Another facet of a good fiction story is the element that deals with the alien. It could be an alien planet, an alien being or alien surroundings. It has been also said that the authors did not really mean to talk specifically about aliens but simply using a metaphor to talk about life. And indeed it is true that in the quest for life, in the journey that everyone has to take he or she will inevitably experience an encounter with the alien.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the case of Bobby and Jack they needed to confront an idea that is very foreign to them and it is the fact that they needed to find another job, to find another source of income. But they are hackers for as long as they can remember and they cannot imagine doing anything different. Nevertheless, the day was fast approaching that they really need to abandon their pirate ways and that fact alone has brought them intense anxiety and foreboding because they could not imagine how to find meaning outside their current world. Conclusion It was supposed to be fiction and it was supposed to be about gadgets, technology and the future but it was so much more. The author was simply using everything, the language used, the computers, and the various activities that the characters engaged in to illustrate the complexities of life. The characters represented humanity and the challenges and pressures that mankind had to deal with in the past decades. The world was radically changed by technolog y that it now dictates man’s way of life. Bobby, Jack, and Rikki also illustrated real life problems that include money, love, friendship, boredom, lust, and everything else related to it. Gibson, William. â€Å"Burning Chrome.† Web.

Semantic Web + Parallel Distributed data Research Paper

Semantic Web + Parallel Distributed data - Research Paper Example In tally, the Semantic Web is devoted to offering an info distribution model and platform that is suitable for both machine and human to comprehend and collaborate. Cognitive web search engines are one of the introductory structures that permit processor PC systems to spontaneously become intuitive and artificial intelligent over Semantic Web data conferring to some implication rules. Diverse neurodata sources and warehouses commonly use diverse data models and stock heterogeneous data. In the dynamic data federation method this is addressed concurrently to the glitches of data basis heterogeneity and data delivery. It depends on on the central federator, and a set of data suppliers. Given an exceptional inquiry, the federator is accountable for the intelligible sub-querying of the confederated data sources and for uniting all outcomes originated into a universal outcome set. This evades dependability and harmonization or synchronization subjects commonly witnessed in data stores whe re data alteration is done sporadically. Another related research associated to semantic web language includes is the active use of programmes algorithms which focus on the principle of the algorithms comprising of iterating codes over and over each in the design forming a triple pattern in the initial SPARQL query. Subsequently, The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has commended and normalized an amount of codes or values, web languages, and programmable web frameworks and the best performances which permit and allow the communication between the numerous metadata into a more understandable format for the next-generation web, that is, the Semantic Web. As a researcher, the assumption that the programmers have a comprehensive control over the machines in which the data is handled, then one is able to manipulate the queries and offer a commendable output on in iterative and interactive end user interface for examination and conclusion. Ultimately, the distribution and querying of data storage using high data base schemas is an appropriate approach towards implementing essential management of distributed semantic web data. Numerous semantic web requests need the incorporation of records from dispersed, independent databases. Pending to recent techniques it was relatively problematic to access and request for data in such a scenario since there was no customary request semantic or machine interface. The introduction of the SPARQL, and the W3C school endorsement for an RDF query semantic and procedure, this condition has altered. It is now conceivable to brand RDF data obtainable and accessible over a normal PC interface and request for it by means of a customary query semantic. The data does not require to be kept in RDF but can be generated on other interactive databanks. On the other hand, DARQ suggests a sole interface for enquiring on the numerous, dispersed SPARQL end-points and varies inquiry confederacy to the customer. A unique important characteristic of DARQ is that it exclusively depends on the SPARQL custom configuration and consequently is well-matched to several SPARQL endpoints applying this standard. Utilizing facility images delivers an influential way to enthusiastically add and remove endpoints to the inquiry engine in a way that is totally translucent to the end user. To decrease performance costs we present straightforward inquiry optimization for SPARQL inquiries. The web has developed a major automobile in executing research and instruction related

Interpretive planning Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Interpretive planning - Research Proposal Example in the first section, and in the second section, I have intended to chose one main type of interpretive media from each site as brochures and other Media advertisement strategies in NPA and the online ad placing and feed back forum advertisement in eBay ,and so on, and to assess their effectiveness as interpretive media for the public, and indicate their strengths and weaknesses. When the concept of interpretation is taken it can be explained with two of its attributes as philosophy and theory. Interpretive philosophy. Interpretation in very common term can be seen as just one discipline among many communication disciplines, with each having its own strengths and weaknesses. Our duty is to pick the best in the given. According to Freeman Tilden, who is referred to as the father of interpretation, it is an educational activity that reveals the meaning and relationships by using original objects, first hand experience and illustrative media, rather than simply serving to communicate factual information. To put it in a nutshell ,and assembling all the important elements that forms the keys to successful interpretation is by explaining inter-relationships, enriching visitors' experiences, and interpretation is an ART and not a science. ( Van Matre, 1990 ) When looked upon Philosophy of interpretation , it can be said that it is the parameters in the field interpretive program. As per Tilden interpretation is enrichment for the areas of communication. It can be discussed with three parameters as , (Beck, L & Cable, T 1998) Extension is a process that involves teaching and information flow for a specific outcome of process . Environmental education can be described as the process that helps in recognising values and clarifying concepts ,that would help to develop skills and attitudes necessary to understand and appreciate the interrelatedness among people, their culture and their biophysical surroundings'. Public relations According to Fazio and Gilbert PR could be easily explained as an important mode of communication , whose success in great scale attributes to the managements success. Theory in interpretation-underlying theory is an successful interpretation followed by effective planning helps us to achieve the particular goal. As explained earlier ,interpretation is neither a pure science nor a pure art., so as a result interpretive theory draws on a range of theories with them, with the three main things being, communication, ,recreation theory and the third education theory. (McArthur, S 1998) Communication theory : Communication is the key for any management success and there are different methods and different media whose prime target is to gain empathy with the target public. Recreation theory While communication theory is about 'how' to send the message to the target audience, Recreation theory

Digital technology and Education Research Proposal

Digital technology and Education - Research Proposal Example At the same time, the institutions of higher education learning have been challenged to respond to the needs of globalization, as well as the knowledge economy in order to prepare the competencies and skills of the 21st century which require changes in teaching practices and curriculum. This has created demand for competence and more transparent performance and accountability in research and teaching. Nevertheless, some policy makers perceive digital technology as an effective tool that will help in managing most of the changes and will act as a transformative tool in both teaching and learning. The 20th century has witnessed massive globalization of education. For instance, the total high education enrolment worldwide stood at 100 million in 2000s. This was 200 times higher than the enrolment at the beginning of 20th century. The number is estimated to reach 125 million by 2020. This globalization is normally characterized by huge diversification of the student enrolment since even the student from low economic backgrounds can work as part time students. Internationally, there has been massive enrolment of students especially in UK, US, New Zealand, Canada and Australia. The students normally demand flexibility in teaching and learning processes. The traditional school leavers demand more flexibility in their formal education, hence the name â€Å"digital native† grown and matured with the digital technologies and are still surrounded and immersed in digital technologies in their daily activities. Therefore, the current research will investigate the effects of digit al technology on today’s business. Today’s students have not changed just incrementally from the traditional ones but have changed in slang and styles when compared to the previous generations. There has been a big discontinuity that has fundamentally changed things until it is absolutely impossible to go back. This discontinuity

Online Learning V.S Traditional Classroom Learning Essay Example for Free

Online Learning V.S Traditional Classroom Learning Essay I think whether it is online learning or traditional class learning both should be taken into consideration when planning to further education. I personally did not consider the facts when I decided to further my education. I had started out in a traditional classroom but soon after realized it was not the right choice. It was hard to fully apply myself when I was attending a traditional classroom because I was a working wife and mother. Online learning and traditional learning will show that both of these are great options depending on who the student may be and which educational program the student has chosen. Online learning and traditional learning each have their merits and faults. Online degrees have become a perfect option for individuals who may not be able to enroll in a traditional classroom. When you compare the two learning classes, the biggest difference is that students studying online have the flexibility to attend classes at their own pace and time. In a campus-based classroom they require that students attend class a certain number of times every week, at specific times. Traditional class learning may not be the option for people who have children or work long hours. Learning online would be a better option for these people because they can make their own schedule for when they will attend class. Both online and traditional classes give students the opportunity to interact with other students and their professors. With a traditional classroom you can interact with students and professors face -to -face. In online learning there is no face- to -face interaction with classmates or instructors. Online learning interaction can consist of chat rooms, e-mail, main forums, and over the telephone. Traditional class students have a better advantage of understanding the materials because they can have that one –on- one time with the instructor face- to -face. It may be a little harder for online students to grasp the materials because they do not have that face- to -face interaction. Online learning and traditional class learning work assignments are similar and different in their own ways. In both online and traditional learning classes you still have assignments that have to be completed by a certain time. In the traditional class your assignments are done on paper and with online learning you have to submit your assignments on the computer. Also with traditional class learning one has the opportunity to present in front of their classmates, while online students do not have that option. They are only able to present their presentations to the instructors. In both classes you still have homework and you have to participate in class. Online learning requires you to participate and attend class a certain number of times but there is no specific times or days. They have the option to decide when that will be but with traditional class you have to attend class every day you are scheduled and participate every day. Earning a degree at a traditional college can be very expensive but obtaining a online degree can be a lot less expensive for students. Exceptionally less, but they offer students the same loan and grant benefits offered at a traditional college. Online schools and traditional schools offer the same financial aid packages. Students who attend a traditional class usually have to pay traveling cost and living cost. Online learning students do not have to pay these extra costs because they are learning from home and that requires no traveling. Also with online schools you do not have to pay for facilities like residence halls, dining halls, gyms and libraries. Most provide access to virtual libraries and some even have partnerships with local facilities. There are many similarities and differences between online learning and traditional class learning. The facts show that both are great options to consider, depending upon the person and his or her day- to- day schedule. One method to determine how well online learning and traditional class learning might work for you is to consider the benefits and disadvantages of both. Researching and planning ahead can help a person in deciding which would better fit his or her needs. I have found online learning to better fit my needs because I can make my own schedule concerning attending class. I am a mother and wife so I have many responsibilities and this option gives me time to take care of my household while still being able to obtain a degree at my own pace. Do the research to see which one is the right option for you at this time in your life. Most people think that their decision to go to college only affects them but it affects your family also. You have to still be able to do for your family and handle your business at home. I also suggest if you are attending a traditional college and it seems to be too overwhelming for you at times you should really consider trying the online learning. Becoming successful in life depends on the choices you make throughout life, whether they be good or bad choices. So choose wisely which learning class be it online learning or traditional learning is right for you and your family.

Glare of Fashion in Vanity Fair Essay -- Vanity Fair Essays

Glare of Fashion in Vanity Fair I fancy the doors to society guarded by grooms of the chamber with flaming silver forks with which they prong all those who have not the right of the entrà ©e...the honest newspaper fellow....dies after a little time. He can't survive the glare of fashion long. It scorches him up, as the presence of Jupiter in full dress wasted that poor imprudent Semele&emdash;a giddy moth of a creature who ruined herself by venturing out of her natural atmosphere. (657) With this sentiment in mind, Thackeray expresses his conception of the danger present when one attempts to step outside of their inherent social strata. Through depicting a world devoted to upholding the inflexible codes of society, Thackeray creates an appropriate backdrop for his humorously satirical novel Vanity Fair. At the heart of this work, the avaricious Becky Sharp, born of common blood, fights against traditional precincts by "venturing" (657) outside of her proper environs and entering into an elevated climate where the credulous yield unquestioningly to her will and the skeptics scorn her with cold indifference. Determined to secure a place in genteel society, Rebecca, disregarding the standards of society, manipulates the naive by engaging in hypocrisy and subterfuge while blinding those who doubt her with an unconquerable charm. Clearly a perfectionist in the art of deception, Becky Sharp, a young woman with serpentine sentiments, slithers her way into the aristocratic society that composes the hollow cortex of Vanity Fair. With unremitting cupidity, Becky exploits all those she encounters for the sole purpose of ameliorating her own situation, both financially and socially. Commencing her mission... ...little earthenware pipkin, you want to swim down the stream along with the great copper kettles...lookout and hold your own! How the women will bully you!" (613) Substantiating Lord Steyne's foreboding, with frigid indifference the ladies at his soirà ©e slight Becky, thus proving that she can never fully advance into their milieu. In view of this, Becky, one step away from pushing open the doors to social dominance, fails. Charms and beauty only carry the unwealthy so far in the world of Vanity Fair, thus Becky remains locked out of the room to which she dedicated her life to gaining entrance. Outstripped by the pretentious peerage, Becky's quest for status reiterates the insuperable fact that one without fortune or noble ancestry "can't survive the glare of fashion long" (637). Thakeray, William Makepeace. Vanity Fair. New York: Bantam Books, 1997.

Compare and Contrast ‘The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of Innocence and Experience’ Essay

Even though, a hundred and seventy nine years later, lying in his grave, William Blake is still one of the best influences in poetry and even daily life today. Blake’s work, unrecognised during his lifetime, but now is almost universally considered that of a genius. Northrop Frye, who undertook a study of Blake’s entire opus, ‘What is in proportion to its merits the least read body of poetry in the English Language.’ Blake was born into a middle class family in 1757. The bible, being one of the most worshipped yet most feared artefacts in Blake’s time, was his biggest influence in his work, and was to be his biggest influence until the day he died. As Blake matured into a budding poet, artist and engraver, his parents were with him every step of the way. In 1782, Blake married Catherine Boucher, a girl he respected, loved, needed and most importantly, shared a passion in his work. Blake abhorred slavery with a passion, he also believed strongly in racial and sexual equality, but in Blake’s era, both racial and sexual equality was as good as impossible. ‘ As all men are alike tho’ infinitely various.’ [William Blake.] Blake believed that innocence and experience were the two contrary states of the human soul, and that true innocence was impossible without experience. The disastrous end to the French revolution caused Blake to lose faith in the goodness of mankind. As religious as Blake was, he believed there was some kind of bad side to religion; he believed that children lost their innocence through exploitation from a religious community that put dogma before mercy. In this essay I will explain why Blake believed that religion caused a corruption in the innocence of children and also I will compare both innocence and experience Chimney Sweeper poems and see how different they are to each other, and how similar they are in a different sense. ‘Songs of innocence’ contains poems written from the perspective of children or written about them, children being a key meaning of innocence. In ‘The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of Innocence’ the whole thing is basically a summary of Blake’s hates, Child Slavery, Death and the Dark Side of Religion. It also includes a lot of description of black imagery, black representing the soot. In stanza one, it tells us the story of when the child (who is telling us the poem) is brought into life, and sold off when he could barely cry, and brought up into a life full of poverty, and poor living. Blake ends the first stanza with a very harrowing way, ‘so your chimneys I sweep and in soot I sleep.’ This line is supposed to make readers feel tense, as if to think, these children must have had a hard life. In the second stanza, Blake describes a young boy in the name of Tom Dacre, about how he cried when he got his head shaved, his hair ‘curled like a lambs back.’ The fourth line, ‘† Hush, Tom! Never mind it, for when your head’s bare, you know that soot can no longer spoil your white hair.†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ This gives out a sense of a childish like security, full of pure innocence, yet strong in emotion as the young narrator comforts little Tom. Toms white hair, that curled like a lambs back has some sort of message in it, lamb and white mean pure and innocent, maybe this is showing the innocence in these little children. In The third stanza, Tom goes to sleep and has a frightful dream that all of the chimney sweepers were lying in locked black coffins. This is telling us that Tom is scared; he feels locked up, he cannot show his inner self, and he wants out. The fact that his friends were in these coffins shows his fears, that he fears losing the only people he can love in his life. The coffins of Black could represent the fact that the whole poem, is about chimney sweepers, and the colour black is related to them. Black is also a colour of fear, death and evil, this represents the life in the times of chimney sweepers. In the fourth stanza, His dream takes a turn, and an angel opens all the locked black coffins with a golden key, and all the chimney sweepers are set free. They are able to cleanse themselves in the river and play in the bright sun. Dreams represent something; they represent messages and meanings, and even can become reality at some point later in life or even soon after the dream has occurred. This dream that this child had, is a message of power, but also comfort at the turning point, it is saying that it is all going to be okay, the bright key is telling us that tom wont be locked in this embrace for his life, and the brightness encourages warm and strength for him to keep going, ‘then down a green plain leaping, laughing as they run and wash in a river, and shine in the sun.’ this is showing that there will be good times in his reality. They are able to forget for a moment about their lives that are doomed with work and poverty. In the fifth stanza, it says still dreaming and playing among the clouds Tom is told by the angel that if he is good, God will always take care of him. Tom then awakes from the dream, and though his situation has not changed, tom does as he’s told to, and in his heart understands that everything happens for a reason. The nakedness of the children could represent vulnerability. In this poem, these children’s main source of TLC is God, god is their parents, their teacher and their love, after a dream Tom is confronted by the fact that God is his father and he no longer feels alone. Even though tom has been plunged into this chimney sweeping job he doesn’t want to do, he knows he has no choice, just to grin and bare it, and now he can do what the narrator did to him, comfort others in hard times and not neglect them in moments of tribulation, and he can say he actually understands how they feel. ‘The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of Experience.’ This poem clearly denounces the church, †where are thy father and mother, say? They have both gone up to the church to pray.’ This child’s parents have left this venerable little thing in the cold, crying, full of soot, wanting love. In stanza two, it describes this child as being happy, why happy? Because it feels free. ‘They clothed me in the clothes of death’ these clothes of death is the clothing of a chimney sweeper, that is the impact on this child, that’s what Blake is telling us, that being a chimney sweeper at such a young age, can kill. ‘And taught me to sing the notes of woe’ this could emphasize the lords prayer, or some form of holy/religious prayer or hymn. The fact that this innocence is pursued by this experience, because of all this religion, compared to ‘The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of Innocence’ this religion is black, its incontinent, as if its worshipping the devil instead of god. In the last stanza, it pieces the whole poem together, the narrator is saying that ‘because I am happy and dance and sing, they think they have done me no injury’ he is telling us that he dances and sings to keep himself occupied from thinking of bad things, like the fact that this job he is in is so bad and he has no freedom at all, only the freedom to dance and sing, but it gives people the wrong impression, as if he is happy in this job. ‘And are gone to praise God and his priest and king, who make up a heaven of our misery’ this last catching sentence is implying that they have gone to church, free of these children they gave birth to, and are rejoicing in their names, the king who is supposed to look after his society, is doing nothing, the children’s parents, who should be there for their children, are praying to god, thinking their children are fine in their jobs, and what this poem is implying, unlike ‘The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of Innocence’ that god is enjoying their pain and misery. Even the churches don’t care about these children. Blake scorns not only these children’s parents, but god also, god is the guardian of children, and he’s supposed to look after them but actually, they collaborate with these wrong doings and slavery of children. I think both poems are completely different from one another in some ways, like the fact that the moral of these poems are the same, to give us a message that these children are in suffering. But they are completely different in the fact that ‘The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of Innocence’ is conveying God in a good light, it shows religion is a good thing, and it shows innocence in all these children, and this innocent childish like feeling is there when you read it, whereas, ‘The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of Experience’ conveys God and Religion, even the King and Parents, in an evil way, it makes us feel ashamed that someone as human as us can do that to a child, and it gives you a sense of experience, like a lamb, as innocent as that is, compared to a gun, how experienced is that? Also the illustration with the poem gives off this sense of evil, with all the black, and the expression of the chimney sweeper is sad, tied down, locked up inside.